
Glyxambi
Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) is a medication that helps manage blood sugar in adults with Type 2 diabetes. It works best when used with a balanced diet and exercise. It can also help lower the risk of heart-related death in adults with both Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Glyxambi combines two diabetes medications into one tablet. They belong to the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor and a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor drug classes. Glyxambi is taken by mouth once every morning. Side effects can include urinary tract infections and upper respiratory tract infections.
What is Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin)?
What is Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) used for?
- Type 2 diabetes in adults
- Lowering the risk of death due to heart problems in adults with Type 2 diabetes and heart disease
How Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) works
Glyxambi is a combination of two diabetes medications.
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Empagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. It blocks the SGLT2 protein in the kidneys. This causes extra sugar to pass into your urine instead of being absorbed back into your body. That helps lower your blood sugar levels.
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Linagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor. It blocks the DPP-4 protein. This helps your body make more insulin when it's needed and lowers the amount of glucagon, a hormone that raises blood sugar. These actions help control your blood sugar.
Drug facts
| Common Brands | Glyxambi |
|---|---|
| Drug Class | SGLT2 inhibitor / DPP-4 inhibitor |
| Controlled Substance Classification | Not a controlled medication |
| Generic Status | No lower-cost generic available |
| Availability | Prescription only |
More on Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) essentials
Side effects of Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin)
The following side effects may get better over time as your body gets used to the medication. Let your healthcare provider know immediately if you continue to experience these symptoms or if they worsen over time.
Common Side Effects
- Urinary tract infection (11-13%)
- Upper respiratory tract infection (7%)
- Cold symptoms (6-7%)
Less Common Side Effects
- Genital yeast infection
- More urination
- Feeling thirsty
- Joint pain
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Cough
- Low blood sugar
- Higher cholesterol levels
Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) serious side effects
Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any of the following.
- Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis): severe stomach pain that spreads to your back, nausea, vomiting
- Ketoacidosis (too much acid in the blood): nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, tiredness, fruity breath, dry mouth, thirsty, trouble breathing
- Serious genital infection: pain, swelling, or redness in the genital area; bad odor from your genitals; fever
- Severe allergic reaction: rash; hives; swelling of your face, tongue, or throat; trouble breathing
- Severe skin reaction: itchy skin, rash with blisters, sores, peeling skin
The following Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) side effects have also been reported
Side effects that you should report to your care team as soon as possible:
- Allergic reactions—skin rash, itching, hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
- Dehydration—increased thirst, dry mouth, feeling faint or lightheaded, headache, dark yellow or brown urine
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)—increased thirst or amount of urine, dry mouth, fatigue, fruity odor to breath, trouble breathing, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting
- Genital yeast infection—redness, swelling, pain, or itchiness, odor, thick or lumpy discharge
- Heart failure—shortness of breath, swelling of the ankles, feet, or hands, sudden weight gain, unusual weakness or fatigue
- Infection or redness, swelling, tenderness, or pain in the genitals, or area from the genitals to the back of the rectum
- Pancreatitis—severe stomach pain that spreads to your back or gets worse after eating or when touched, fever, nausea, vomiting
- Redness, blistering, peeling or loosening of the skin, including inside the mouth
- Severe joint pain
- Urinary tract infection (UTI)—burning when passing urine, passing frequent small amounts of urine, bloody or cloudy urine, pain in the lower back or sides
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your care team if they continue or are bothersome):
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Sore throat
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Pros and cons of Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin)
Pros
- Combines two diabetes medications into one pill
- Taken once a day in the morning, with or without food
- Less likely to cause low blood sugar when taken by itself
Cons
- Might cause more urination
- Can raise the risk of urinary tract infections or genital yeast infections
- Not approved for people with Type 1 diabetes
Pharmacist tips for Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin)
- Take Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) once every morning, with or without food. It can make you urinate more, so taking it earlier in the day might help you avoid getting up at night often to use the bathroom. Try to take the medication at the same time to help you remember.
- If you miss a dose of Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin), take it as soon as you remember. But if it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the usual time. Don't double up doses to make up for a missed dose.
- Ask your prescriber how often you should check your blood sugar while taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin). Keep a record of your blood sugar readings and share them with your care team. This helps your care team see if your treatment needs to be adjusted.
- Eat a nutritious, balanced diet and exercise regularly while taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin). Ask your care team to help you make a plan that's right for you. These healthy habits can help keep your blood sugar under control.
- It's possible for Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) to lower your blood pressure, which can cause dizziness and lightheadedness. This is more likely to happen if you stand up quickly after sitting or lying down. Make sure to get up slowly and sit or lie back down until you feel better if you get dizzy.
- Since Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) can make you urinate more, drink plenty of fluids. This can help lower your risk of dehydration and low blood pressure. Tell your prescriber if you often feel dizzy or lightheaded. Get medical help right away if you faint.
- Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) can raise your risk of urinary tract infections and genital yeast infections. Tell your care team if you have a fever, pain or burning when you urinate, or pain in your lower stomach or back. Also tell them if you have pain, swelling, redness, itching, tenderness, or a bad odor around your genitals. Treating these infections early can help prevent more serious problems.
- Keep your genital area clean and dry while taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin). This can help lower your risk of UTIs and genital infections. Wipe from front to back after using the bathroom. And, change out of wet or sweaty clothes as soon as you can.
- If you're planning to have surgery, tell your prescriber ahead of time. You might need to stop taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) at least 3 days before your surgery. Your prescriber will tell you when it's safe to start taking it again once you're recovering and eating normally. This helps lower your risk of ketoacidosis (high ketone levels), a rare but serious condition.
- If you get sick or eat much less than usual while taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin), watch for signs of ketoacidosis. This can include feeling very thirsty, nausea, stomach pain, feeling very tired, or fruity breath. If you notice these symptoms, check your ketone levels if possible and get medical help right away.
- Tell your care team about all the medications, vitamins, and supplements you take. Some medications can interact with Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin). For example, loop diuretics (water pills) can raise your risk of dehydration. And using insulin with Glyxambi can put you at risk of very low blood sugar. Your care team can check for interactions and make changes if needed.
- If you're pregnant or planning to become pregnant: Speak to your prescriber. Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) isn't recommended during the second and third trimesters because it might harm your unborn baby. It's important to keep your diabetes under control during pregnancy. Your prescriber can help you choose a safer treatment if needed.
- If you plan to breastfeed: Breastfeeding isn't recommended while taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin). It's not known if the medication passes into breast milk, but it might harm your baby. Talk to your prescriber or a lactation consultant about other ways to feed your baby.
Risks and warnings for Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin)
Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)
Glyxambi contains linagliptin. It's rare, but some people who took linagliptin have developed inflammation in their pancreas. This is called pancreatitis. It's not clear if having pancreatitis in the past can raise your risk that it can happen again during treatment. To be safe, tell your prescriber if you've had pancreatitis before.
Stop taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) and get medical help right away if you have severe stomach pain that doesn't go away, especially if it spreads to your back. You might also have nausea or vomiting. These can be signs of pancreatitis.
Ketoacidosis (too much acid in the blood)
- Risk factors: Sick with a fever | Eating much less than usual | Ketogenic (keto) diet | Dehydration | Problems with the pancreas | Alcohol use | Insulin dose reduction or missed insulin doses | Surgery
Some people taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) have had ketoacidosis. It's a serious condition when your body makes too many acids called ketones. This can make your blood too acidic, which can be very dangerous. Your risk might be higher if you get sick, eat much less than usual, or recently had surgery.
Watch for signs of ketoacidosis while taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin). Symptoms can include thirst, shortness of breath, dry mouth, and urinating more often. Other signs are fruity breath, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, or feeling very tired. If this happens, check your ketone levels if possible and get medical help right away.
Low fluids in the body (leading to low blood pressure or dehydration)
- Risk factors: People age 65 years and older | Kidney problems | Taking certain water pills called loop diuretics
Glyxambi contains empagliflozin, which can cause your body to lose too much fluid. This can lead to dehydration or very low blood pressure in some people. Low fluid levels can also lower blood flow to the kidneys and might cause kidney injury.
You might be at risk if you're 65 years or older or if you already have kidney problems. The risk can also be higher if you take certain water pills, such as furosemide (Lasix).
If you're at risk, your prescriber will check your kidneys with blood tests before you start Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin). They might also check during treatment to make sure the medication is still safe for you.
Tell your care team if you feel dizzy, lightheaded, or confused while taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin). These can be signs of dehydration or low blood pressure. Also let them know if you're urinating less than usual or have darker urine. These could also be signs of dehydration or a kidney problem.
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) when used with certain other diabetes medications
Taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) with insulin or sulfonylureas, like glipizide, can put you at risk of low blood sugar. Very low blood sugar can be dangerous and even life-threatening.
Be sure you can recognize symptoms of low blood sugar. This can include feeling shaky, anxious, confused, sleepy, weak, or very hungry. You might also have a fast heartbeat, be sweaty, or have chills.
If you have these symptoms, check your blood sugar and treat any low blood sugar right away. Talk to your prescriber or pharmacist about your risk for low blood sugar.
Genital and urinary tract infections
- Risk factors: History of genital yeast infections or urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) can raise your risk of genital infections, like yeast infections. It can also raise your risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Some can end up affecting the kidneys. In rare cases, these infections can become very serious and might need hospital treatment. Your risk of genital infections and UTIs can be higher if you have these infections often.
Get urgent care right away if it burns when you urinate, you need to urinate often, or you see blood in your urine. These can be signs of a UTI. Also get medical care if you notice an odor from your genitals or have pain, redness, swelling, or itching around your genitals. These can be signs of a genital yeast infection. It's important to get it checked out so you can get treated for any infections quickly.
Leg and foot amputations
- Risk factors: History of amputations | Peripheral artery disease (narrowed blood vessels) | Diabetic foot ulcers
Glyxambi has empagliflozin in it. It's rare, but some people who took empagliflozin needed foot or leg amputations during studies. The risk was higher for those with poor blood circulation or diabetes. In studies, the most common reasons for amputations were peripheral artery disease and diabetic foot ulcers.
Tell a healthcare professional right away if you have any new pain, tenderness, sores, ulcers, or infections on your legs or feet. Your care team can talk to you about ways to manage these problems or treat them before they get worse. If you have diabetes, make sure to have regular foot exams with your diabetes care team.
Serious allergic reactions
- Risk factors: Allergy to DPP-4 inhibitors (or "gliptins") | Allergy to SGLT2 inhibitors
In rare cases, Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) can cause serious allergic reactions. This can include severe swelling and anaphylaxis. These reactions often happen within the first 3 months of treatment. Watch for a rash; trouble breathing; or swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. If a serious allergic reaction happens, get medical help right away.
Tell your prescriber if you've ever had an allergic reaction to another DPP-4 inhibitor (also called a "gliptin"), such as Januvia (sitagliptin). Glyxambi contains a similar medication, so you might have a similar reaction.
Severe skin reaction
Glyxambi contains linagliptin. In rare cases, some people taking linagliptin have developed a skin problem called bullous pemphigoid. It can cause itchy, skin, blistering rash, or sores. These usually go away once you stop taking the medication and get treatment. Other times, linagliptin has caused severe skin reactions that might peel.
If you notice a rash with blisters, itchy skin, or peeling skin, get medical help right away. You might need to stop taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin), see a dermatologist, and get medical care.
Severe joint pain
Some people who took linagliptin, which is in Glyxambi, have experienced severe joint pain. This can happen anytime from a day to many years after starting the medication. For most people, the pain got better after they stopped the medication. Let your prescriber know if you feel any unusual or severe discomfort in your joints while taking Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin).
Risk of heart failure
- Risk factors: Heart failure | Heart problems | Kidney problems
Glyxambi contains linagliptin. It's not known if linagliptin has a risk of heart failure. But some similar medications have been linked to heart failure in people with Type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
Before starting Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin), let your prescriber know if you have a history of heart failure or kidney problems. They can help weigh the risk of heart failure and benefits of the medication.
Tell your care team right away if you have any signs of heart failure. This can include trouble breathing, unusual tiredness, swelling in your legs or feet, or sudden weight gain. Depending on your symptoms, your prescriber might tell you to stop Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) and get medical care.
Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) dosage
How much does Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) cost?
$352.18
Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) contraindications
Contraindications are specific health conditions or situations in which a person should not take a medication due to safety concerns. If you have any of the following conditions or if any of the following apply to you, let your healthcare provider know because Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin) will not be safe for you to take.
- Allergy to Jardiance (empagliflozin)
- Allergy to Tradjenta (linagliptin)
What are alternatives to Glyxambi (empagliflozin / linagliptin)?
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