Viracept
Viracept (nelfinavir) is a protease inhibitor (PI) used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in people ages 2 years and older. It works by preventing the HIV virus from making copies of itself and spreading. You take Viracept (nelfinavir) by mouth, typically twice or three times a day with a meal. One of the most common side effects Viracept (nelfinavir) can cause is diarrhea. Your provider might recommend over-the-counter medications, like loperamide (Imodium A-D), to help ease your symptoms.
What is Viracept (nelfinavir)?
What is Viracept (nelfinavir) used for?
- Treatment of HIV
How Viracept (nelfinavir) works
Viracept (nelfinavir) is a protease inhibitor. It works by blocking a protein called protease that helps the HIV virus infect your cells. When protease is blocked by Viracept (nelfinavir), the HIV virus can't make copies of itself and infect healthy cells.
Drug facts
| Common Brands | Viracept |
|---|---|
| Drug Class | HIV ARV |
| Controlled Substance Classification | Not a controlled medication |
| Generic Status | No lower-cost generic available |
| Availability | Prescription only |
Side effects of Viracept (nelfinavir)
The following side effects may get better over time as your body gets used to the medication. Let your healthcare provider know immediately if you continue to experience these symptoms or if they worsen over time.
Common Side Effects
Adults and adolescents ages 13 years and older:
- Diarrhea (up to 20%)
- Nausea (up to 7%)
Children ages 2 to 12 years old:
- Diarrhea (up to 47%)
Less Common Side Effects
- Rash
- Passing gas
The following Viracept (nelfinavir) side effects have also been reported
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Less common
bleeding gums
blood in the urine or stools
bloody, black, tarry stools
blurred vision
chills
coma
confusion
cool, pale skin
darkened urine
dehydration
dizziness
fast heartbeat
flushed, dry skin
fruity mouth odor
increased hunger
increased thirst
increased urination
indigestion
joint pain, stiffness, or swelling
loss of appetite
nervousness
nightmares
painful or difficult urination
pains in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back
pinpoint red spots on the skin
seizures
shakiness
slurred speech
sores, ulcers, or white spots on the lips or in the mouth
sweating
swelling of the feet or lower legs
swollen glands
trouble breathing
unusual bleeding or bruising
unusual tiredness or weakness
vomiting
vomiting of blood or material that looks like coffee grounds
yellow eyes or skin
Incidence not known
Clay-colored stools
difficulty with breathing
drowsiness
fainting
headache
irregular heartbeat
muscle tremors
noisy breathing
rapid, deep breathing
recurrent fainting
restlessness
skin rash
unpleasant breath odor
vomiting of blood
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
Less common
Acid or sour stomach
belching
burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and needles" , or tingling feelings
difficulty in moving
discouragement
feeling sad or empty
increase in body movements
irritability
loss of interest or pleasure
muscle aches, cramps, pain, or stiffness
muscular tenderness, wasting or weakness
passing gas
redistribution or accumulation of body fat
sleepiness or unusual drowsiness
trouble concentrating
trouble sleeping
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
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Pros and cons of Viracept (nelfinavir)
Pros
- Tablets can be dissolved in water
- Can be used in children as young as 2 years old
- Not a whole lot of side effects
Cons
- Taken multiple times a day
- One day's dose can be as many as 10 tablets
- A lot of medication interactions, including some other HIV ARVs
Pharmacist tips for Viracept (nelfinavir)
- Consider using a weekly pill box or smartphone app to help you remember to take Viracept (nelfinavir) and other HIV medications. Each dose of Viracept (nelfinavir) is made up of multiple tablets and you need to take a dose 2 to 3 times a day, which can be hard to keep track of.
- Always take Viracept (nelfinavir) with food. This will help with how your body absorbs the medication. Tell your healthcare provider if you're concerned about consistent, reliable access to food. There might be resources they can help you with, or they might choose to have you on a medication that doesn't need to be taken with food.
- If you have a hard time swallowing the Viracept (nelfinavir) tablets, try making a mixture to drink. Put the tablet in a small amount of water. Once it dissolves, mix the liquid until it's cloudy, then drink the mixture right away. Rinse the glass with water and drink the rinse so that you make sure you're getting the whole dose.
- If you're taking the oral powder version of Viracept (nelfinavir), you can mix it with water, milk, formula, soy milk or dietary supplements. If you don't take your full dose right away, it can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 6 hours. After this amount of time, you must throw the mixture away.
- Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist before starting any new medications. Viracept (nelfinavir) interacts with a lot of medications, and can make the levels in your body too high and cause more side effects. Also make sure to tell your providers if you stop taking Viracept (nelfinavir). Your providers might need to lower the dose of other medications to adjust for the interaction.
- If you take hormonal birth control pills, you should also use another form of contraception. The birth control pills might not work as well while you're taking Viracept (nelfinavir).
Risks and warnings for Viracept (nelfinavir)
Viracept (nelfinavir) can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Drug interactions
- Risk factors: Taking other medications or supplements
Viracept (nelfinavir) can interact with many other medications. Depending on what other medications you're taking, your provider might need to adjust the dose of Viracept (nelfinavir) or those other medications. Otherwise, the interactions can either cause the levels of Viracept (nelfinavir) to drop too low and not work well to fight HIV; or the levels of Viracept (nelfinavir) might be too high and cause more unwanted side effects. Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist before starting or stopping any medication.
Diabetes
- Risk factors: Use of protease inhibitors
Viracept (nelfinavir) and other protease inhibitors can raise your blood sugar levels and lead to diabetes. If you already have diabetes, it can make it worse. Be sure to keep your regularly scheduled appointments and check your blood sugar at home if your provider tells you to.
Fat redistribution
- Risk factors: Taking HIV ARVs
Some people taking HIV ARVs, including Viracept (nelfinavir), have noticed changes to the way fat is located in the body. This might cause more fat in the abdomen and upper back, and less fat in the face, arms, and legs. Scientists and health care providers don't really know why this happens.
Immune reconstitution syndrome
- Risk factors: Weakened immune system | Current untreated infection
Taking Viracept (nelfinavir) and other HIV medications can raise your risk of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). This can happen after your immune system starts to recover with the help of HIV treatment. Once your immune system is strong enough to fight off infections, this can result in a lot of inflammation. Too much inflammation can lead to symptoms of IRIS. Call your provider if you experience fever, difficulty breathing, or sudden changes to your health after starting Viracept (nelfinavir).
Not for people with liver problems
If you have moderate or severe liver problems, let your provider know. You likely won't be able to take Viracept (nelfinavir) and they'll talk with you about other options.
Caution in people with phenylketonuria (PKU) - Oral powder only
Viracept (nelfinavir) contains phenylalanine, a component of the artificial sweetener aspartame. If you have a genetic condition called phenylketonuria (PKU), taking this medication can be dangerous for you. Let your provider know if you have PKU so they can prescribe a different formulation of Viracept (nelfinavir) that might be safer for you.
Viracept (nelfinavir) dosage
Interactions between Viracept (nelfinavir) and other drugs
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
- Alfuzosin
- Alprazolam
- Amiodarone
- Astemizole
- Atazanavir
- Bedaquiline
- Bepridil
- Cisapride
- Citalopram
- Clarithromycin
- Clozapine
- Colchicine
- Conivaptan
- Crizotinib
- Dasatinib
- Dihydroergotamine
- Doxorubicin
- Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Liposome
- Dronedarone
- Eletriptan
- Eliglustat
- Eplerenone
- Ergoloid Mesylates
- Ergonovine
- Ergotamine
- Flibanserin
- Haloperidol
- Iloperidone
- Isavuconazonium Sulfate
- Itraconazole
- Ivabradine
- Lapatinib
- Lomitapide
- Lovastatin
- Lumefantrine
- Lurasidone
- Maraviroc
- Mefloquine
- Mesoridazine
- Methadone
- Methylergonovine
- Midazolam
- Naloxegol
- Nilotinib
- Nimodipine
- Ondansetron
- Pazopanib
- Pimozide
- Posaconazole
- Propafenone
- Quinidine
- Quinine
- Ranolazine
- Rifampin
- Riociguat
- Ritonavir
- Romidepsin
- Sildenafil
- Silodosin
- Simvastatin
- Solifenacin
- Sorafenib
- Sparfloxacin
- Sunitinib
- Tacrolimus
- Tamoxifen
- Telaprevir
- Telithromycin
- Terfenadine
- Thioridazine
- Tolvaptan
- Toremifene
- Trazodone
- Triazolam
- Ubrogepant
- Vandetanib
- Vardenafil
- Venetoclax
- Vilanterol
- Voclosporin
- Voriconazole
- Ziprasidone
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
- Abametapir
- Acalabrutinib
- Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine
- Alfentanil
- Amisulpride
- Anagrelide
- Apalutamide
- Aprepitant
- Aripiprazole
- Aripiprazole Lauroxil
- Arsenic Trioxide
- Artemether
- Atorvastatin
- Avanafil
- Avapritinib
- Axitinib
- Benzhydrocodone
- Boceprevir
- Bosutinib
- Brentuximab Vedotin
- Brexpiprazole
- Brigatinib
- Bromocriptine
- Buprenorphine
- Buserelin
- Cabazitaxel
- Cabotegravir
- Cabozantinib
- Calcifediol
- Carbamazepine
- Cariprazine
- Ceritinib
- Cerivastatin
- Chloroquine
- Cilostazol
- Clofazimine
- Cobimetinib
- Codeine
- Copanlisib
- Cyclophosphamide
- Dabrafenib
- Daclatasvir
- Darunavir
- Deflazacort
- Degarelix
- Delamanid
- Deslorelin
- Desogestrel
- Deutetrabenazine
- Dexamethasone
- Dexlansoprazole
- Dienogest
- Dihydrocodeine
- Docetaxel
- Domperidone
- Donepezil
- Drospirenone
- Duvelisib
- Efavirenz
- Elagolix
- Elexacaftor
- Encorafenib
- Entrectinib
- Enzalutamide
- Erlotinib
- Eslicarbazepine Acetate
- Esomeprazole
- Estradiol
- Eszopiclone
- Ethinyl Estradiol
- Ethynodiol
- Etravirine
- Everolimus
- Fedratinib
- Fentanyl
- Fingolimod
- Fluticasone
- Formoterol
- Fosaprepitant
- Foscarnet
- Fosnetupitant
- Fostemsavir
- Garlic
- Gestodene
- Glasdegib
- Gonadorelin
- Goserelin
- Histrelin
- Hydrocodone
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Hydroxyzine
- Ibrutinib
- Idelalisib
- Ifosfamide
- Inotuzumab Ozogamicin
- Irinotecan
- Irinotecan Liposome
- Istradefylline
- Ivacaftor
- Ivosidenib
- Ixabepilone
- Ketoconazole
- Lansoprazole
- Larotrectinib
- Lefamulin
- Lemborexant
- Lenvatinib
- Levofloxacin
- Levomilnacipran
- Levonorgestrel
- Lofexidine
- Lorlatinib
- Lumateperone
- Lurbinectedin
- Macimorelin
- Macitentan
- Manidipine
- Meperidine
- Mestranol
- Metronidazole
- Midostaurin
- Mifepristone
- Mirtazapine
- Moxifloxacin
- Nafarelin
- Neratinib
- Netupitant
- Nifedipine
- Nomegestrol
- Norethindrone
- Norgestimate
- Norgestrel
- Olaparib
- Omeprazole
- Orlistat
- Osilodrostat
- Osimertinib
- Oxaliplatin
- Oxycodone
- Ozanimod
- Palbociclib
- Panobinostat
- Pantoprazole
- Pasireotide
- Pemigatinib
- Pentazocine
- Pexidartinib
- Pimavanserin
- Piperaquine
- Pitolisant
- Pixantrone
- Ponatinib
- Ponesimod
- Pralsetinib
- Quetiapine
- Rabeprazole
- Reboxetine
- Regorafenib
- Retapamulin
- Ribociclib
- Rifabutin
- Rifapentine
- Rimegepant
- Ruxolitinib
- Salmeterol
- Saquinavir
- Selpercatinib
- Selumetinib
- Sertraline
- Simeprevir
- Siponimod
- Sonidegib
- Sotalol
- St John's Wort
- Sufentanil
- Sulpiride
- Suvorexant
- Tamsulosin
- Tazemetostat
- Temsirolimus
- Tezacaftor
- Thiotepa
- Ticagrelor
- Tipranavir
- Trabectedin
- Tramadol
- Triclabendazole
- Triptorelin
- Valbenazine
- Vemurafenib
- Venlafaxine
- Vilazodone
- Vincristine
- Vincristine Sulfate Liposome
- Vinflunine
- Vorapaxar
- Voxelotor
- Zanubrutinib
- Zolpidem
- Zuclopenthixol
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
- Amprenavir
- Azithromycin
- Cobicistat
- Cyclosporine
- Delavirdine
- Didanosine
- Felodipine
- Fosphenytoin
- Lopinavir
- Nevirapine
- Phenytoin
- Pravastatin
- Warfarin
- Zidovudine
How much does Viracept (nelfinavir) cost?
$545.40
Viracept (nelfinavir) contraindications
Contraindications are specific health conditions or situations in which a person should not take a medication due to safety concerns. If you have any of the following conditions or if any of the following apply to you, let your healthcare provider know because Viracept (nelfinavir) will not be safe for you to take.
- Taking Viracept (nelfinavir) with certain medications that are highly dependent on CYP3A metabolism (break down)
