
hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine sulfate is an anticholinergic medication used to treat conditions that involve muscle spasms in different parts of the body, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), stomach ulcers, and overactive bladder. It comes in several oral forms including immediate-release tablets, extended-release tablets, sublingual tablets, and liquid solutions. You typically take it by mouth 3 to 4 times a day. Some side effects include dry mouth, sleepiness, and dizziness.
What is Hyoscyamine?
What is Hyoscyamine used for?
- Stomach and intestine problems (e.g., stomach ulcers, stomach cramps, irritable bowel syndrome)
- Control spasms in certain conditions (e.g., overactive bladder)
- Pain from gallstones or kidney stones
- Runny nose
- Relief of certain symptoms (e.g., sweating, salivation, muscle rigidity, tremors) of Parkinson’s disease
- Colic in babies - oral solution only
How Hyoscyamine works
Hyoscyamine is an anticholinergic. It works by blocking a chemical in your body called acetylcholine, which controls muscle movement and secretions.
By blocking acetylcholine, hyoscyamine helps relax muscles in your stomach, intestines, and bladder. This can reduce cramping, spasms, and extra secretions.
Drug facts
| Common Brands | Levsin, Levbid, Hyosyne, Oscimin |
|---|---|
| Drug Class | Anticholinergic |
| Controlled Substance Classification | Not a controlled medication |
| Generic Status | Lower-cost generic available |
| Availability | Prescription only |
Side effects of Hyoscyamine
The following side effects may get better over time as your body gets used to the medication. Let your healthcare provider know immediately if you continue to experience these symptoms or if they worsen over time.
Common Side Effects
- Dry mouth
- Trouble urinating
- Constipation
- Blurry vision
- Dry eyes
- Sleepiness
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Flushing
- Heat intolerance
Less Common Side Effects
- Fast heart rate
- Diarrhea
- Confusion
- Short-term memory loss
Hyoscyamine serious side effects
Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any of the following.
- Changes in mood or behavior: psychosis, agitation, hallucinations, confusion, euphoria
- Irregular heartbeat: pounding heartbeat, fainting, dizziness or lightheadedness, chest discomfort, shortness of breath, tiredness
- Overheating: not sweating, fever, hot/dry skin, headache
- Urination problems: trouble urinating, painful urination, urinating less
- Bowel blockage: severe constipation, stomach pain, vomiting, bloating
More on Hyoscyamine side effects
The following Hyoscyamine side effects have also been reported
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Rare
Confusion (especially in the elderly)
dizziness, lightheadedness that continues, or fainting
skin rash or hives
Incidence not known
difficulty with swallowing
fast irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse
hives or welts
hoarseness
irritation
itching skin
joint pain, stiffness, or swelling
puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue
redness of the skin
shortness of breath
skin rash
tightness in the chest
trouble with breathing
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Less common or rare
Bloated feeling
blurred vision
difficult urination
difficulty with swallowing
drowsiness
false sense of well-being
headache
increased sensitivity of eyes to light
loss of memory
nausea or vomiting
redness or other signs of irritation at the place of injection
trouble with sleeping
unusual tiredness or weakness
Incidence not known
Decreased interest in sexual intercourse
inability to have or keep an erection
loss in sexual ability, desire, drive, or performance
loss of taste
For patients using scopolamine:
After you stop using scopolamine, your body may need time to adjust. The length of time this takes depends on the amount of scopolamine you were using and how long you used it. During this period of time check with your doctor if you notice any of the following side effects:
irritability
nightmares
pupil of one eye is larger (patch only)
sensitivity of eyes to light (patch only)
trouble in sleeping
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
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Pros and cons of Hyoscyamine
Pros
- Works quickly to relieve symptoms
- Comes in several different forms
- Safe for both children and adults
Cons
- Needs to be taken multiple times a day
- Has a lot of bothersome side effects
- Might not be ideal for older adults
Pharmacist tips for Hyoscyamine
- Take hyoscyamine exactly as prescribed. You’ll usually take it 30 minutes to 1 hour before meals.
- Hyoscyamine can cause dizziness and raise your risk of falling. Let your prescriber know if you're taking benzodiazepines, anxiety medications, or muscle relaxants. These can make side effects like sleepiness and confusion worse.
- If you take antacids, take hyoscyamine before meals and your antacid after meals. This helps both medications work properly.
- Hyoscyamine can cause dry mouth because it lowers saliva. Drink enough water to stay comfortable.
- Hyoscyamine can affect your thinking and reaction time. Don’t drive or do tasks that need focus until you know how it affects you.
- Hyoscyamine can make you sweat less, which can raise your risk of overheating. Drink plenty of water and be careful in hot weather.
- Hyoscyamine can make it harder to urinate. Contact your prescriber if you have difficulty urinating or pain.
How to take hyoscyamine:
- Immediate-release and extended-release tablets: Swallow the tablets whole. Don’t crush, chew, or split them. Talk to your prescriber if you have trouble swallowing.
- Sublingual tablet: Place the tablet under your tongue to dissolve. Don’t eat, drink, or smoke while it’s dissolving. You can swallow your saliva, but don’t swallow the tablet.
- Dissolvable tablet (ODT): Make sure your hands are dry before handling the medication. Place the tablet on your tongue and let it dissolve.
- The oral drops contain 0.125 mg/mL and the elixir contains 0.125 mg/5 mL. Double check your bottle and the prescribed dose to avoid accidentally taking the wrong amount.
- Store the medication bottle at room temperature and keep it in the original bottle to protect from light.
- Use a proper measuring device to take the liquid. Don’t use household spoons because they aren’t accurate.
Risks and warnings for Hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Dizziness
Hyoscyamine can make you feel sleepy, dizzy, or have blurry vision. Don’t drive or do activities that need focus until you know how this medication affects you.
Heat intolerance
- Risk factors: Hot environments
Hyoscyamine reduces sweating, which raises your risk of overheating or heat stroke. Symptoms include high body temperature, dry skin, and confusion. Stay hydrated and avoid excessive heat.
Intestinal blockage
- Risk factors: Colostomy or ileostomy
Hyoscyamine can slow your gut too much, which can lead to serious problems like swelling or inflammation of your colon. Your risk is higher if you’ve had certain gut surgeries.
Tell your prescriber before taking hyoscyamine if you’ve ever had a colostomy or ileostomy. Sometimes diarrhea can be a sign of a blockage, and taking this medication in that case can be harmful.
Faster heart rate
- Risk factors: Heart problems | Overactive thyroid
If you have heart problems, such as heart failure or abnormal heart rhythms, let your prescriber know. Hyoscyamine can cause your heart rate to go up, which can worsen certain heart conditions. Let your prescriber know if you notice a change with your heart rate or feel symptoms such as a pounding or racing heart.
Reduced saliva
- Risk factors: Taking hyoscyamine for a long time
Taking anticholinergics, like hyoscyamine, for a long time can reduce how much saliva your mouth makes. This can raise your risk of cavities, gum problems, and mouth infections. It can also make your mouth feel dry and uncomfortable. Let your prescriber know if this becomes bothersome.
Hyoscyamine dosage
| Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15ml of 0.125mg/ml | 1 dropper | $16.20 | $16.20 |
| 20ml of 0.125mg/ml | 1 dropper | $19.61 | $19.61 |
| Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.125mg/5ml | 473 ml | $48.95 | $0.10 |
| Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.125mg | 30 orally disintegrating tabs | $12.22 | $0.41 |
| Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.125mg | 30 sublingual tablets | $12.83 | $0.43 |
| Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.125mg | 30 tablets | $12.76 | $0.43 |
Typical dosage for Hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine comes in many different forms, including immediate-release (IR) tablets, extended-release (ER) tablets, orally disintegrating tablets, and liquid solutions. Follow your prescriber’s instructions for your specific product.
Some examples include:
-
Hyoscyamine 0.125 mg immediate-release (IR) tablet:
- Age 12 years or older: The typical dose is 1 to 2 tablets every 4 hours or as needed. The maximum dose is 12 tablets within 24 hours.
- Age 2 to under 12 years (IR tablet only): The typical dose is half a tablet to 1 tablet every 4 hours or as needed. The maximum dose is 6 tablets within 24 hours.
-
Hyoscyamine 0.375 mg extended-release (ER) tablets:
- Age 12 years or older: The typical dose is 1 to 2 tablets by mouth every 12 hours. The maximum dose is 4 tablets within 24 hours.
-
Hyoscyamine 0.125 mg/1 mL liquid solution:
- Age 12 years or older: The typical dose is 1 to 2 mL by mouth every 4 hours or as needed. The maximum dose is 12 mL within 24 hours.
- Age 2 to under 12 years: The typical dose is ¼ to 1 mL by mouth every 4 hours or as needed. Do not take more than 6 mL within 24 hours.
- Age under 2 years: The dose depends on your child's weight. In general, the typical dose ranges from 4 drops to 8 drops by mouth every 4 hours or as needed.
There's also an injectable form that's used for people in the hospital who can't take the medication by mouth.
Interactions between Hyoscyamine and other drugs
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking any of these medicines, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using medicines in this class with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with a medication in this class or change some of the other medicines you take.
- Ambenonium
- Bepridil
- Bromopride
- Cisapride
- Dronedarone
- Fluconazole
- Itraconazole
- Ketoconazole
- Mesoridazine
- Nelfinavir
- Pimozide
- Piperaquine
- Posaconazole
- Potassium
- Potassium Chloride
- Saquinavir
- Sparfloxacin
- Terfenadine
- Thioridazine
- Ziprasidone
Using medicines in this class with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
- Aclidinium
- Alfentanil
- Alfuzosin
- Alprazolam
- Amifampridine
- Amiodarone
- Amisulpride
- Amitriptyline
- Amobarbital
- Amoxapine
- Anagrelide
- Anileridine
- Apomorphine
- Aripiprazole
- Aripiprazole Lauroxil
- Arsenic Trioxide
- Asenapine
- Astemizole
- Atropine
- Azithromycin
- Baclofen
- Bedaquiline
- Belladonna
- Benzhydrocodone
- Benztropine
- Biperiden
- Bromazepam
- Brompheniramine
- Buprenorphine
- Bupropion
- Buserelin
- Buspirone
- Butabarbital
- Butorphanol
- Calcium Oxybate
- Cannabidiol
- Carbinoxamine
- Carisoprodol
- Ceritinib
- Cetirizine
- Chloral Hydrate
- Chlordiazepoxide
- Chloroquine
- Chlorpheniramine
- Chlorpromazine
- Chlorzoxazone
- Ciprofloxacin
- Citalopram
- Clarithromycin
- Clemastine
- Clidinium
- Clobazam
- Clofazimine
- Clomipramine
- Clonazepam
- Clorazepate
- Clozapine
- Codeine
- Conivaptan
- Crizotinib
- Cyclobenzaprine
- Cyclopentolate
- Cyclosporine
- Cyproheptadine
- Dabrafenib
- Darifenacin
- Darolutamide
- Dasatinib
- Degarelix
- Delamanid
- Desipramine
- Deslorelin
- Deutetrabenazine
- Dexmedetomidine
- Diacetylmorphine
- Diazepam
- Dicyclomine
- Difenoxin
- Digoxin
- Dihydrocodeine
- Dimenhydrinate
- Diphenhydramine
- Diphenoxylate
- Disopyramide
- Dofetilide
- Dolasetron
- Domperidone
- Donepezil
- Doxepin
- Doxylamine
- Droperidol
- Duvelisib
- Ebastine
- Efavirenz
- Eltrombopag
- Enasidenib
- Encorafenib
- Entrectinib
- Eribulin
- Erythromycin
- Escitalopram
- Esketamine
- Estazolam
- Eszopiclone
- Ethchlorvynol
- Ethylmorphine
- Famotidine
- Felbamate
- Fentanyl
- Fesoterodine
- Fingolimod
- Flavoxate
- Flecainide
- Flibanserin
- Fluconazole
- Flunitrazepam
- Fluoxetine
- Fluphenazine
- Flurazepam
- Formoterol
- Foscarnet
- Fosnetupitant
- Fosphenytoin
- Fospropofol
- Fostemsavir
- Gabapentin
- Gabapentin Enacarbil
- Galantamine
- Gatifloxacin
- Gemfibrozil
- Gemifloxacin
- Givosiran
- Glasdegib
- Glucagon
- Glycopyrrolate
- Glycopyrronium Tosylate
- Gonadorelin
- Goserelin
- Granisetron
- Halazepam
- Halofantrine
- Haloperidol
- Histrelin
- Homatropine
- Hydrocodone
- Hydromorphone
- Hydroquinidine
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Hydroxyzine
- Hyoscyamine
- Ibutilide
- Idelalisib
- Iloperidone
- Imipramine
- Inotuzumab Ozogamicin
- Ipratropium
- Itraconazole
- Ivabradine
- Ivosidenib
- Ketamine
- Ketazolam
- Ketobemidone
- Ketoconazole
- Lapatinib
- Larotrectinib
- Lefamulin
- Leflunomide
- Lemborexant
- Lenvatinib
- Levocetirizine
- Levofloxacin
- Levorphanol
- Lofexidine
- Lopinavir
- Lorazepam
- Lorlatinib
- Loxapine
- Lumacaftor
- Lumefantrine
- Macimorelin
- Magnesium Oxybate
- Meclizine
- Mefloquine
- Memantine
- Mepenzolate
- Meperidine
- Mephobarbital
- Meprobamate
- Meptazinol
- Metaxalone
- Methacholine
- Methadone
- Methocarbamol
- Methohexital
- Methotrimeprazine
- Metoclopramide
- Metronidazole
- Midazolam
- Mifepristone
- Mirtazapine
- Mizolastine
- Moricizine
- Morphine
- Morphine Sulfate Liposome
- Moxifloxacin
- Nafarelin
- Nalbuphine
- Netupitant
- Nicomorphine
- Nilotinib
- Nitrazepam
- Norfloxacin
- Nortriptyline
- Octreotide
- Ofloxacin
- Olanzapine
- Ondansetron
- Opium
- Opium Alkaloids
- Orphenadrine
- Osilodrostat
- Osimertinib
- Oxaliplatin
- Oxazepam
- Oxitropium Bromide
- Oxybutynin
- Oxycodone
- Oxymorphone
- Ozanimod
- Paliperidone
- Panobinostat
- Papaveretum
- Papaverine
- Paregoric
- Paroxetine
- Pasireotide
- Pazopanib
- Pentamidine
- Pentazocine
- Pentobarbital
- Perampanel
- Perphenazine
- Phenobarbital
- Pimavanserin
- Pimozide
- Pipamperone
- Pipenzolate Bromide
- Pirenzepine
- Piritramide
- Pitolisant
- Ponesimod
- Posaconazole
- Potassium Oxybate
- Prazepam
- Pregabalin
- Primidone
- Probucol
- Procainamide
- Prochlorperazine
- Procyclidine
- Promethazine
- Propafenone
- Propantheline
- Propiverine
- Propofol
- Protriptyline
- Quazepam
- Quetiapine
- Quinidine
- Quinine
- Ramelteon
- Ranolazine
- Remifentanil
- Remimazolam
- Revefenacin
- Ribociclib
- Rifampin
- Risperidone
- Scopolamine
- Secobarbital
- Secretin Human
- Selpercatinib
- Sertindole
- Sertraline
- Sevoflurane
- Siponimod
- Sodium Oxybate
- Sodium Phosphate
- Sodium Phosphate, Dibasic
- Sodium Phosphate, Monobasic
- Solifenacin
- Sorafenib
- Sotalol
- Stramonium
- Sufentanil
- Sulpiride
- Sultopride
- Sunitinib
- Tacrolimus
- Tamoxifen
- Tapentadol
- Telavancin
- Temazepam
- Teriflunomide
- Terodiline
- Tetrabenazine
- Thiopental
- Thioridazine
- Thiothixene
- Tilidine
- Tiotropium
- Tizanidine
- Tolterodine
- Topiramate
- Toremifene
- Tramadol
- Trazodone
- Triazolam
- Triclabendazole
- Trifluoperazine
- Trihexyphenidyl
- Trimipramine
- Triptorelin
- Tropicamide
- Trospium
- Umeclidinium
- Vandetanib
- Vardenafil
- Vemurafenib
- Venlafaxine
- Vilanterol
- Vinflunine
- Voclosporin
- Voriconazole
- Vorinostat
- Zaleplon
- Zolpidem
- Zopiclone
- Zotepine
- Zuclopenthixol
How much does Hyoscyamine cost?
Hyoscyamine contraindications
Contraindications are specific health conditions or situations in which a person should not take a medication due to safety concerns. If you have any of the following conditions or if any of the following apply to you, let your healthcare provider know because Hyoscyamine will not be safe for you to take.
- Glaucoma
- Urinary tract blockage
- Stomach or intestinal blockage
- Long-term constipation
- Unstable heart or bleeding problems
- Severe ulcerative colitis with toxic megacolon
- Myasthenia gravis
What are alternatives to Hyoscyamine?
News about Hyoscyamine




