fentanyl
The fentanyl transdermal patch, previously known by the brand name Duragesic, is an opioid. It's a patch that's applied on the skin every 3 days to manage severe, long-term or chronic pain. The fentanyl patch is only approved for people who are "opioid tolerant" whose pain isn't controlled well enough with other treatment options. Fentanyl is a very powerful opioid, so the medication can be especially dangerous for those who aren't opioid tolerant because of their high risk for extremely slowed breathing and overdose. Some side effects include nausea, vomiting, and sleepiness.
What is Fentanyl patch?
What is Fentanyl patch used for?
Severe, chronic pain in people who are opioid tolerant
How Fentanyl patch works
The fentanyl patch is an opioid. It attaches to certain mu-opioid receptors in your brain to lower how much pain you feel.
Drug Facts
More on Fentanyl patch essentials
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What are the risks and warnings for Fentanyl patch?
Fentanyl patch can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Potential for misuse and addiction
Risk factors: Personal or family history of substance or alcohol abuse | History of mental health conditions | Not storing, using, or disposing the fentanyl patch properly
The fentanyl patch is a controlled substance that has a risk for misuse and addiction. This can lead to serious and possibly life-threatening consequences, such as dangerously slow breathing and overdose.
Use the fentanyl patch exactly as prescribed. Don't place the patch in your mouth for any reason. Chewing or swallowing the patch or using the patch in any other way than prescribed is considered misuse. This can lead to choking, overdose, and death. Also don't change how much or how often you use the patches without talking to your prescriber first.
Because of the risk for misuse and addiction, the fentanyl patch is only available through a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program called the Opioid Analgesic REMS program. Your prescriber and pharmacy must register with the program, receive training on proper medication use, and discuss with you about how to take the fentanyl patch safely.
Life-threatening slowed breathing (respiratory depression)
Risk factors: First starting the fentanyl patch | Dose changes | High doses | Children | Age 65 years or older | Weak or frail people | People who aren't opioid tolerant | Medical conditions that cause breathing problems (e.g., COPD, asthma, sleep apnea, head injury) | Taking other medications that slow down brain function
The fentanyl patch patch can cause serious, fatal slowed breathing (respiratory depression), even when they're used as recommended. Respiratory depression is a medical emergency that must be managed and treated right away. Call 911 as soon as possible if you or someone around you notices that you have shortness of breath, slow or shallow breathing, extreme tiredness or sleepiness, or confusion, or bluish skin or lips.
Avoid alcohol and medications that slow down brain function, such as benzodiazepines, other opioids, and muscle relaxants, while you're taking the fentanyl patch. These substances slow down your breathing even more and put you at even higher risk for serious respiratory depression, extreme sleepiness, and overdose.
To lower the risk for respiratory depression, your prescriber will work very closely with you to adjust your fentanyl patch dose depending on your needs. Your prescriber will recommend that you have naloxone (Narcan) with you at all times. Naloxone is a medication that can reverse slowed breathing from opioids. Use naloxone, call 911, and get medical help right away if you have signs or symptoms of dangerously slowed breathing.
Risk for opioid overdose
Risk factors: History of opioid use disorder | Previous opioid overdose | Taking high doses of the fentanyl patch | Taking more opioids than prescribed | Alcohol use
Take the fentanyl patch exactly as prescribed. Taking too much, taking it more often than prescribed, or taking it any other way than prescribed can lead to a life-threatening overdose. Symptoms of an opioid overdose include not responding to sound or touch, extremely slow breathing, slow heartbeat, extreme sleepiness, and cold or clammy skin.
Be sure you and your loved ones know how to recognize an opioid overdose. Your prescriber will recommend getting naloxone (Narcan) — either by prescription or over the counter. Naloxone can help treat an opioid overdose. Carry naloxone with you at all times; use it and call 911 right away if an overdose happens.
Life-threatening risks with accidental exposure
It can be very dangerous if someone accidentally touches, uses, chews, or swallows the fentanyl patch. Accidental exposure to the medication can lead to seriously harmful consequences, such as extremely slowed breathing, overdose, and even death.
It's important to keep fentanyl patches out of reach from children, visitors, and pets to prevent accidental exposure and potential overdose. Also be sure to safely dispose used and unused patches to prevent people, especially children, from getting exposed to the medication by mistake. Used fentanyl patches still have medication left on them.
Life-threatening risks with patch exposure to high temperatures (e.g., heat, high fever)
Risk factors: Exposing the fentanyl patch to external heat sources | High fever of 104 degrees Fahrenheit or greater | Very rigorous movement or exercise (leading to a high body temperature)
Exposing the fentanyl patch to heat or having areas of skin around your patch that's hot greatly raises the risk for potential overdose and death. High temperatures — including when you have a high fever or when you've exercised rigorously – cause more medication to get released from the patch and into the body, which can lead to overdose.
Don't use any external heat sources, like heating pads, electric blankets, heat or tanning lamps, heated beds or water beds, over the fentanyl patch and the area of skin around it. Also avoid sunbathing, hot baths, hot tubs, and saunas. Try to avoid extreme workouts, exercise, or movement that can make you get very hot. Contact a healthcare professional as soon as you can if you have a high fever for appropriate treatment. Call 911 right away if you have any symptoms of overdose, like extreme sleepiness or slowed breathing.
Difficulty concentrating and extreme sleepiness
Risk factors: Taking high doses of the fentanyl patch | Age 65 years or older | Drinking alcohol | Taking other medications that can cause sleepiness
The fentanyl patch can cause extreme sleepiness and lower your ability to think, react, and focus. Don't drink alcohol with the fentanyl patch. Also don't take other medications that can cause sleepiness or "brain fog" (e.g., benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, sleep medications). Otherwise, these side effects might be more intense.
Make sure you know how the fentanyl patch affects you before driving a car or doing activities that require your concentration. Talk to your prescriber right away if you feel too sleepy from the medication or if you're having a hard time thinking clearly.
Physical dependence and withdrawal
Risk factors: Long-term treatment with fentanyl patches
When fentanyl patches are regularly used to treat chronic pain, the medication can cause physical dependence. This means that your body relies on the medication to function. And you might experience withdrawal if you lower your dose too quickly or suddenly stop using the medication. Withdrawal symptoms include anxiety, restlessness, irritability, runny nose, yawning, sweating, and chills.
Don't suddenly lower your dose or stop using the fentanyl patch suddenly without talking to your prescriber first. If needed, your prescriber will slowly lower your dose over time to prevent withdrawal symptoms. Talk to your prescriber if you have concerns about fentanyl patches because of the risk for withdrawal.
Harm to newborn babies
Long-term use of the fentanyl patch during pregnancy can cause your unborn baby to become dependent on the medication. This is because fentanyl can pass through the placenta to your unborn baby.
Once your baby is born, they can experience withdrawal symptoms, such as high-pitched crying, poor feeding behavior, trembling, abnormal sleep patterns, and even seizures. This condition is called neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and can be life-threatening if it isn't recognized and treated in time. Let your healthcare professional know if you've used the fentanyl patch during pregnancy or if you notice these symptoms in your baby.
Drug interactions
The fentanyl patch can interact with several medications. Let your care team know what medications you're taking to make sure they're safe for you to take together. Also speak with your care team first before making any changes to your medications because sudden dose adjustments can be harmful.
Some medications can raise the fentanyl levels in your body, which can raise your risk for serious side effects like potentially life-threatening slowed breathing. Medications that can lead to this type of interaction include erythromycin and ritonavir (Norvir), among others.
Other interactions, such as with rifampin (Rifadin) or carbamazepine (Tegretol), can lower fentanyl levels in your body. This can cause the opioid medication to work less well to manage your pain. These interactions might also lead to withdrawal symptoms.
Serotonin syndrome
Risk factors: Using the fentanyl patch with medications that raise serotonin levels
Using the fentanyl patch with other medications that raise the serotonin levels in your brain can put you at risk for a life-threatening condition called serotonin syndrome. Some of these medications include fluoxetine (Prozac), duloxetine (Cymbalta), amitriptyline (Elavil), sumatriptan (Imitrex), and trazodone (Desyrel). Let your prescriber or pharmacist know if you start a new medication to make sure it's safe to take with the fentanyl patch.
Symptoms of serotonin syndrome generally appear within a few hours or a few days of taking these medications together but can also start later. Call for emergency medical help right away, take off the fentanyl patch, and stop using the medication if you have symptoms of serotonin syndrome. These symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, sweating, shivering, distress, hallucinations, restlessness, fast heart rate, or stiff muscles.
Low blood pressure and slow heart rate
Risk factors: Age 65 years or older | History of low blood pressure | History of slow heart rate or heart problems | Dehydration | Starting the fentanyl patch or have dose changes | Taking other medications that lower blood pressure
The fentanyl patch patch can cause severely low blood pressure, including a drop in blood pressure when you stand from a sitting or lying position. This can lead to dizziness and fainting. Be careful as you stand up after sitting for some time. Make sure to sit back down or lie down if you feel faint or dizzy. The chances of low blood pressure are greater when you first start using fentanyl patch or with dose changes.
The fentanyl patch can also slow your heart rate, particularly when you start treatment. Let your care team know if you have any heart problems, like abnormal heart rate (arrhythmias), before you start treatment. Call your prescriber if you have unexplained fatigue, dizziness or lightheadedness that doesn't go away, shortness of breath, or chest pain while you're taking this medication. These might be symptoms of an unusually slow heart rate.
Low adrenal hormone levels
Risk factors: Taking the fentanyl patch for longer than 1 month
Some people taking opioids like the fentanyl patch had low adrenal hormone levels. This might be more likely to happen after taking opioids for longer than 1 month. Let your prescriber know if you have symptoms like tiredness, dizziness, weakness, not feeling hungry, nausea, and vomiting. If your adrenal hormone levels are too low, you might need to stop taking the fentanyl patch and get treated with corticosteroids.
Seizures
Risk factors: History of seizures | Taking other medications or having health conditions that raise your risk of seizures
If you've had a seizure in the past, opioids like the fentanyl patch can raise the risk of having seizures more often. The fentanyl patch can also put you at risk of seizure in certain situations. Get medical help if you have a seizure while you're taking this medication.
More on Fentanyl patch warnings
What are the side effects of Fentanyl patch?
Common Side Effects
- Nausea (41%)
- Vomiting (26%)
- Sleepiness (19%)
- Dizziness (10%)
- Trouble sleeping (10%)
- Constipation (9%)
- A lot of sweating (6%)
- Tiredness (6%)
- Feeling cold (6%)
Other Side Effects
- Headache
- Diarrhea
- Stomach pain
- Dry mouth
- Fast heartbeat
- Feeling unwell
- Weakness
- Muscle spasms
- Numbness, burning, or tingling sensation in arms or legs
- Itching
- Rash
- Anxiety
- Confusion
Serious Side Effects
- Dangerously slow breathing: trouble breathing; bluish-colored lips, fingers, or toes
- Accidentally taking too much (overdose): not responding to sound or touch, slowed breathing, slow heartbeat, extreme sleepiness, cold or clammy skin
- Opioid withdrawal: anxiety, suicidal thoughts, restlessness, irritability, runny nose, yawning, sweating, chills, wide pupils
- Serious allergic reaction: itchy, red rash (hives); shortness of breath; chest tightness; swelling of lips, tongue, throat, face, or eyes
Source:Â DailyMed
More on Fentanyl patch side effects
The following side effects have also been reported
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Less common
bloating or swelling of the face, arms, hands, lower legs, or feet
burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and needles", or tingling feelings
confusion
decrease in urine volume
difficulty in breathing or swallowing
difficulty in passing urine (dribbling)
fast, irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse
rapid weight gain
seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there
skin itching, rash, or redness
swelling of the face, throat, or tongue
unusual weight gain or loss
upper stomach pain
Rare
Bluish color of the fingernails, lips, skin, palms, or nail beds
burning, itching, redness, skin rash, swelling, or soreness at the application site
confusion about identity, place, and time
false or unusual sense of well-being
irregular, fast or slow, or shallow breathing
Incidence not known
Agitation
blurred vision
chest pain or discomfort
darkening of the skin
dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position
headache
lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting
loss of appetite
mental depression
nervousness
overactive reflexes
poor coordination
pounding in the ears
restlessness
severe constipation
severe vomiting
shivering
sweating
talking or acting with excitement you cannot control
tightness in the chest
unusual tiredness or weakness
vomiting
Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur:
Symptoms of overdose
Cold, clammy skin
drowsiness that is so severe you are not able to answer when spoken to or, if asleep, cannot be awakened
pinpoint (small) pupils in the eyes
seizures
slow heartbeat
very slow or troubled breathing
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Less common
feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings
feeling of crawling, tingling, or burning of the skin
lack or loss of strength
memory loss
sensation of spinning
unusual dreams
Rare
Abnormal ejaculation
decreased interest in sexual intercourse
decreased sexual performance or desire
inability to have or keep an erection
loss in sexual ability, desire, drive, or performance
muscle twitching
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Pros and cons of Fentanyl patch
Pros
A possible option for severe, chronic pain if you've already tried other treatments and they don't work well enough for you
A possible choice if you have trouble swallowing pills
Replaced on the skin every 3 days
Cons
Only approved for people who are already taking opioids around-the-clock (opioid tolerant)
High risk for dangerously slow breathing, misuse, and addiction
Not intended to use as needed, for short-term pain, or for mild pain
Pharmacist tips for Fentanyl patch
Keep fentanyl patches out of reach from children, visitors, and pets to lessen the risk for accidental overdose and medication misuse. Choose a drug take-back option to get rid of the patches safely if you don't need them anymore.
The fentanyl patch can make you sleepy. It can also make it harder for you to think, react, and focus. Don't drive or do activities that you need to focus for until you know how this medication affects you.
Don't drink alcohol while you're taking this medication. Alcohol can make side effects, like sleepiness and trouble focusing, worse. It can raise your risk for dangerously slowed breathing, accidental injuries, and overdose.
Use the fentanyl patch exactly as your prescriber instructed you to. Don't change the dose (or the number of patches you wear) or stop taking the medication without talking to your prescriber first. Your prescriber will work with you to lower your dose slowly over time before you can completely stop the medication. This lowers your risk for withdrawal symptoms like muscle aches, chills, and trouble sleeping.
Always have naloxone (Narcan) with you at all times. Naloxone helps reverse the effects of fentanyl in situations like an accidental overdose. Teach your loved ones about how to give naloxone to you if you can't do it yourself. Call 911 if you need to use naloxone because its effects are temporary.
Let your prescriber know if you're pregnant before you start using fentanyl patches or if you become pregnant while you're using this medication. Opioids like fentanyl aren't recommended while pregnant because of the risk of harmful complications.
Speak with your care team about alternative options if you're breastfeeding. It's typically recommended to avoid opioids, including fentanyl from the patch, because they can get into breast milk. This raises the risk for your baby to have serious side effects like being very sleepy or limp or breathing very slowly.
Apply the fentanyl patch at any time of the day that works best for your schedule. Just be sure to change out the patch every 3 days at about the same time to keep the levels of the medication in your body steady.
Don't open the pouch and take out the fentanyl patch until you're ready to use it. If you're using scissors to cut the pouch open, make sure you don't accidentally cut the patch. Cutting the patch can affect how much and how fast medication gets released from the patch and into your body.
Before you place the fentanyl patch onto the skin, clean the area of skin with water only and pat completely dry. Don't put any lotion, oils, soap, or alcohol on the skin before you stick the patch on. These products can irritate your skin and affect how well the patch sticks to your skin.
For most adults, apply the fentanyl patch to the chest, back, side of the waist, or upper arm. For people of other ages, ask your prescriber about where to best place the patch on the body to make sure it's safe and it works well. Choose a different area of skin when you replace the patch.
Apply the fentanyl patch on a flat area of your skin that has no hair. Body hair might make the patch not stick as well. Don't shave to get rid of any body hair in the area you chose to apply the patch. Instead, clip the hair as close to your skin as possible to avoid irritation. Also avoid placing the patch onto skin that's sensitive, very oily, burned, cut, irritated, or damaged.
Avoid touching the sticky side of the fentanyl patch with your fingers after you peel off the clear plastic liners. This can make patch become less sticky. And for people helping you put the patch on who accidentally touch the sticky side, it can expose them to the medication accidentally and put them at risk for serious side effects.
When you apply the fentanyl patch, press and hold the patch against your skin for at least 30 seconds to make sure that it sticks well. Wash your hands right away after handling the patch.
When you replace your fentanyl patch, remove the used patch. Fold the used patch in half so that the sticky sides are together, and flush it down the toilet right away.
Frequently asked questions about Fentanyl patch
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Fentanyl patch dosage forms
| Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 patches of 12mcg/hr | 2 cartons | $44.75 | $22.38 |
| 5 patches of 25mcg/hr | 2 cartons | $37.89 | $18.94 |
| 5 patches of 37.5mcg/hr | 2 cartons | $172.79 | $86.39 |
| 5 patches of 50mcg/hr | 2 cartons | $51.23 | $25.61 |
| 5 patches of 62.5mcg/hr | 2 cartons | $232.10 | $116.05 |
| 5 patches of 75mcg/hr | 2 cartons | $68.15 | $34.07 |
| 5 patches of 87.5mcg/hr | 1 carton | $146.98 | $146.98 |
| 5 patches of 100mcg/hr | 2 cartons | $81.63 | $40.81 |
Typical dosing for Fentanyl patch
In general, the patch is applied onto the skin every 72 hours (3 days). Take off the used patch and apply a new patch when the 3 days are up.
The fentanyl patch comes in many strengths. So your prescriber will work with you to find the right dose for your individual needs. It's recommended to take the lowest dose possible for the shortest duration of time to manage your pain.
Interactions between Fentanyl patch and other drugs
More on Fentanyl patch interactions
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
- Mifepristone
- Nalmefene
- Naltrexone
- Safinamide
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
- Abametapir
- Acepromazine
- Alefacept
- Alfentanil
- Almotriptan
- Alprazolam
- Amifampridine
- Amineptine
- Amiodarone
- Amitriptyline
- Amitriptylinoxide
- Amobarbital
- Amoxapine
- Amphetamine
- Amprenavir
- Anileridine
- Aprepitant
- Aripiprazole
- Armodafinil
- Asenapine
- Atazanavir
- Baclofen
- Benperidol
- Benzhydrocodone
- Benzphetamine
- Berotralstat
- Boceprevir
- Bosentan
- Bromazepam
- Bromopride
- Brompheniramine
- Buprenorphine
- Buspirone
- Butabarbital
- Butorphanol
- Calcium Oxybate
- Cannabidiol
- Carbamazepine
- Carbinoxamine
- Cariprazine
- Carisoprodol
- Carphenazine
- Ceritinib
- Cetirizine
- Chloral Hydrate
- Chlordiazepoxide
- Chlorpheniramine
- Chlorpromazine
- Chlorzoxazone
- Ciprofloxacin
- Citalopram
- Clarithromycin
- Clobazam
- Clomipramine
- Clonazepam
- Clopidogrel
- Clorazepate
- Clozapine
- Cobicistat
- Cocaine
- Codeine
- Conivaptan
- Crizotinib
- Cyclobenzaprine
- Cyclosporine
- Darunavir
- Delavirdine
- Desipramine
- Desmopressin
- Desvenlafaxine
- Dexamethasone
- Dexmedetomidine
- Dextroamphetamine
- Dextromethorphan
- Dezocine
- Diazepam
- Dibenzepin
- Dichloralphenazone
- Difenoxin
- Dihydrocodeine
- Diltiazem
- Diphenhydramine
- Diphenoxylate
- Dolasetron
- Donepezil
- Doxepin
- Dronedarone
- Droperidol
- Duloxetine
- Efavirenz
- Eletriptan
- Eluxadoline
- Enflurane
- Enzalutamide
- Erdafitinib
- Erythromycin
- Escitalopram
- Esketamine
- Eslicarbazepine Acetate
- Estazolam
- Eszopiclone
- Ethchlorvynol
- Ethopropazine
- Ethylmorphine
- Etravirine
- Fenfluramine
- Flibanserin
- Fluconazole
- Fluoxetine
- Fluphenazine
- Flurazepam
- Fluspirilene
- Fluvoxamine
- Fosamprenavir
- Fosaprepitant
- Fosnetupitant
- Fosphenytoin
- Fospropofol
- Frovatriptan
- Furazolidone
- Gabapentin
- Gabapentin Enacarbil
- Granisetron
- Halazepam
- Haloperidol
- Halothane
- Hexobarbital
- Hydrocodone
- Hydromorphone
- Hydroxytryptophan
- Hydroxyzine
- Idelalisib
- Imatinib
- Imipramine
- Indinavir
- Iproniazid
- Isocarboxazid
- Isoflurane
- Itraconazole
- Ivacaftor
- Ketamine
- Ketobemidone
- Ketoconazole
- Lanreotide
- Lasmiditan
- Lefamulin
- Lemborexant
- Levocetirizine
- Levomilnacipran
- Levorphanol
- Linezolid
- Lisdexamfetamine
- Lithium
- Lofepramine
- Lofexidine
- Lomitapide
- Lopinavir
- Lorazepam
- Lorcaserin
- Lorlatinib
- Loxapine
- Lumacaftor
- Magnesium Oxybate
- Meclizine
- Melitracen
- Melperone
- Meperidine
- Mephobarbital
- Meprobamate
- Meptazinol
- Mesoridazine
- Metaxalone
- Methadone
- Methamphetamine
- Methdilazine
- Methocarbamol
- Methohexital
- Methotrimeprazine
- Methylene Blue
- Metoclopramide
- Mibefradil
- Midazolam
- Milnacipran
- Mirtazapine
- Mitotane
- Moclobemide
- Modafinil
- Molindone
- Moricizine
- Morphine
- Morphine Sulfate Liposome
- Nafcillin
- Nalbuphine
- Naratriptan
- Nefazodone
- Nelfinavir
- Netupitant
- Nevirapine
- Nialamide
- Nicardipine
- Nicomorphine
- Nifedipine
- Nilotinib
- Nitrazepam
- Nitrous Oxide
- Nortriptyline
- Octreotide
- Olanzapine
- Ondansetron
- Opipramol
- Opium
- Opium Alkaloids
- Orphenadrine
- Oxazepam
- Oxcarbazepine
- Oxycodone
- Oxymorphone
- Ozanimod
- Palbociclib
- Palonosetron
- Papaveretum
- Paregoric
- Paroxetine
- Pazopanib
- Pentazocine
- Pentobarbital
- Perampanel
- Perazine
- Periciazine
- Perphenazine
- Phenelzine
- Phenobarbital
- Phenytoin
- Pimozide
- Piperacetazine
- Pipotiazine
- Piritramide
- Posaconazole
- Potassium Oxybate
- Prazepam
- Prednisone
- Pregabalin
- Primidone
- Procarbazine
- Prochlorperazine
- Promazine
- Promethazine
- Propofol
- Protriptyline
- Quazepam
- Quetiapine
- Ramelteon
- Ranitidine
- Ranolazine
- Rasagiline
- Remifentanil
- Remimazolam
- Remoxipride
- Ribociclib
- Rifabutin
- Rifampin
- Rifapentine
- Ritonavir
- Rizatriptan
- Saquinavir
- Scopolamine
- Secobarbital
- Selegiline
- Selpercatinib
- Sertindole
- Sertraline
- Sibutramine
- Sodium Oxybate
- St John's Wort
- Sufentanil
- Sulpiride
- Sumatriptan
- Suvorexant
- Tacrolimus
- Tapentadol
- Telaprevir
- Telithromycin
- Temazepam
- Thiethylperazine
- Thiopental
- Thiopropazate
- Thioridazine
- Tianeptine
- Tilidine
- Tizanidine
- Tolonium Chloride
- Topiramate
- Tramadol
- Tranylcypromine
- Trazodone
- Triazolam
- Trifluoperazine
- Trifluperidol
- Triflupromazine
- Trimeprazine
- Trimipramine
- Tryptophan
- Tucatinib
- Venlafaxine
- Verapamil
- Vilazodone
- Voriconazole
- Vortioxetine
- Voxelotor
- Zaleplon
- Ziprasidone
- Zolmitriptan
- Zolpidem
- Zopiclone
- Zotepine
How much does Fentanyl patch cost?
Fentanyl patch contraindications
Not opioid tolerant
Short-term pain
Pain after surgery
Any mild pain
Slowed breathing (respiratory depression)
Severe asthma
Medical conditions that cause blockage of the stomach passageway
What is the latest news about Fentanyl patch?
Fentanyl patch images
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References
Best studies we foundAnesthesia Patient Safety Foundation. (n.d.). Respiratory depression and opioids.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). About opioid use during pregnancy.
Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®). (2024). Fentanyl. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Jansson, L. M., et al. (2020). Neonatal abstinence syndrome. Pediatric Clinics of North America.
McNicol, E., et al. (2003). Management of opioid side effects in cancer-related and chronic noncancer pain: A systematic review. The Journal of Pain.
McPherson, M. L. (n.d.). Transdermal and parenteral fentanyl dosage calculations and conversions. Demystifying Opioid Conversion Calculations.
MedlinePlus. (2023). Prescription drug misuse.
Merck Manual Professional Version. (n.d.). Drugs that can cause serotonin syndrome.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2018). Adrenal insufficiency & Addison’s disease.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2018). Symptoms & causes of adrenal insufficiency & Addison's disease.
Obstetrics & Gynecology. (2021). Breastfeeding challenges: ACOG Committee Opinion, Number 820.
SpecGx LLC. (2024). Fentanyl Transdermal- fentanyl transdermal patch, extended release [package insert]. DailyMed.
Taylor, K. P., et al. (2023). Fentanyl transdermal. StatPearls.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2024). Drug disposal: Drug take-back options.
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