Key takeaways
Invokana (canagliflozin) and glipizide/metformin are both medications used to treat Type 2 diabetes, but they work in different ways and have distinct characteristics. Invokana is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that helps lower blood sugar by preventing the kidneys from reabsorbing sugar, which is then excreted through urine. It is taken once daily before the first meal and is only available as a brand-name medication. On the other hand, glipizide/metformin is a combination of a sulfonylurea (glipizide) and a biguanide (metformin). Glipizide stimulates the pancreas to release insulin, while metformin reduces sugar production in the liver and improves insulin sensitivity. This combination must be taken with meals and is available as a lower-cost generic. Invokana can also reduce the risk of heart and kidney problems in some people with Type 2 diabetes, whereas glipizide/metformin does not have this indication. However, glipizide/metformin can cause low blood sugar and lactic acidosis, while Invokana may increase the risk of genital infections and amputations. Both medications have their own sets of pros and cons, and your healthcare provider can help determine which is best for you.
