Glipizide/metformin combines two diabetes medications into one tablet: glipizide (a sulfonylurea) and metformin (a biguanide). It's approved to treat Type 2 diabetes in adults along with diet and exercise. This medication is typically taken by mouth once or twice a day. Some common side effects of glipizide/metformin can include diarrhea and headache; it isn't likely to cause weight gain or weight loss.
Glipizide/metformin contains two medications that lower blood sugar.
The following side effects may get better over time as your body gets used to the medication. Let your healthcare provider know immediately if you continue to experience these symptoms or if they worsen over time.
Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any of the following.
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
blurred vision
chills
cold sweats
coma
confusion
cool pale skin
dizziness
fast heartbeat
headache
increased hunger
nervousness
nightmares
seizures
shakiness
slurred speech
unusual tiredness or weakness
Less common
Bladder pain
bloody or cloudy urine
difficult, burning, or painful urination
frequent urge to urinate
lower back or side pain
pounding in the ears
slow heartbeat
Rare
Abdominal discomfort
decreased appetite
fainting spells
fast, shallow breathing
general feeling of discomfort
muscle pain or cramping
shortness of breath
sleepiness
Symptoms of Overdose
Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur:
Abdominal discomfort
behavior change, similar to drunkenness
blurred vision
cold sweats
coma
confusion
cool, pale skin
decreased appetite
difficulty in concentrating
drowsiness
excessive hunger
fast heartbeat
fast, shallow breathing
general feeling of discomfort
headache
muscle pain or cramping
nervousness
nightmares
restless sleep
seizures
shakiness
slurred speech
unusual sleepiness
unusual tiredness or weakness
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Glipizide in glipizide/metformin can start to lower your blood sugar levels within 30 minutes after you take your medication. But it can take about 2 weeks before you start to see how well glipizide/metformin controls your blood sugar levels overall. It can take about 2 months for you to experience the full effects of metformin. When you first start glipizide/metformin, your diabetes care team will ask you to check your blood sugar levels regularly to see if it's within a goal range. If needed, they'll adjust your dose of glipizide/metformin every couple of weeks until you're at a dose that works well for you.
Glipizide/metformin and insulin both can help manage blood sugar levels, but they do so in different ways. Insulin is a hormone that helps your body manage its blood sugar levels. And insulin medication is prescribed for people who either don't make insulin or whose body doesn't respond to insulin the way it should. Metformin controls blood sugar levels by helping the body respond better to insulin, while glipizide tells the body to release more insulin. Glipizide/metformin is taken by mouth, where as insulin medications are typically injected under the skin. Talk with your diabetes care team if you've more questions about glipizide/metformin and insulin.
If glipizide/metformin isn't enough to help control your blood sugar levels, your diabetes care team might consider prescribing Jardiance (empagliflozin) to help. Jardiance (empagliflozin) works differently from glipzide and metformin; it helps control blood sugar levels by getting rid of sugar through the kidneys. This medication is a good option for people who have certain medical conditions, such as serious kidney problems of heart failure. Keep in mind that taking Jardiance (empagliflozin) with glipizide can raise your risk for dangerously low blood sugar levels. It's important to know how to recognize symptoms of low blood sugar levels and keep fast-acting sugars with you so, if needed, you can raise your blood sugar back to a safe level.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) doesn't have a known interaction with glipizide/metformin. But acetaminophen (Tylenol) might not be a good option for certain people, such as those who have liver problems. To be on the safe side, however, you should always check with your healthcare professional (HCP) before starting any new medications.
Ask your diabetes care team what you should do if you skip a meal. Typically, you should take glipizide/metformin with meals. This is because glipizide is meant to lower blood sugar levels after you eat. If you take glipizide/metformin without eating, then you're at higher risk for dangerously low blood sugar levels, which can be very serious.
Yes, diarrhea is one of the more common side effects of glipizide/metformin. Both glipizide and metformin can cause diarrhea and other stomach problems. It's generally more common during the first few weeks of starting glipizide/metformin and can get better over time. If you experience diarrhea after starting glipizide/metformin, taking it with food might help. If this side effect doesn't go away, let your diabetes care team know.
It's best to avoid drinking alcohol while taking glipizide/metformin. Drinking alcohol while taking metformin can raise your risk of lactic acidosis, a side effect where you have too much lactic acid in your body. And drinking alcohol while taking glipizide can put you at risk for dangerously low blood sugar levels. If you drink alcohol regularly and it's difficult for you to quit, talk with your diabetes care team before starting glipizide/metformin. They can let you know if there's a safer amount of alcohol to drink, teach you how to recognize symptoms of serious side effects, or talk with you about other options to treat diabetes.
A study of tolbutamide (a medication similar to glipizide in glipizide/metformin) suggests that taking sulfonylureas might raise the risk of death due to heart problems. It's unclear if glipizide carries this same risk. If you're worried about potential heart problems, or currently have heart problems, talk to your prescriber to determine if the benefits outweigh the risks.
Glipizide/metformin can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Glipizide/metformin can, on rare occasions, cause a condition called lactic acidosis (too much lactic acid in your blood). If left untreated, this condition can lead to other health problems, including organ failure, which can be deadly. Discuss with your primary care provider about your medical history before starting glipizide/metformin and any planned procedures during treatment. They can check for your risk for lactic acidosis. Get medical attention right away if you experience trouble breathing, irregular heartbeat, muscle pain, belly pain, or feeling very tired or dizzy. These can be signs that you have too much lactic acid in your blood.
A study of tolbutamide (a medication similar to glipizide in glipizide/metformin) suggests that taking sulfonylureas might raise the risk of death due to heart problems. More research is needed in this area for glipizide/metformin. Let your provider know right away if you experience any symptoms of heart attack (chest pain, sweating, nausea, or dizziness) or heart failure (trouble breathing, tiredness, swelling in your body, or sudden weight gain). Your healthcare team might recommend that you go to the hospital and that you stop taking glipizide/metformin.
Glipizide/metformin can cause your blood sugar levels to drop to dangerously low levels. Your risk is higher if you're taking other blood sugar medications, such as insulin, or if you don't eat after taking your dose of glipizide/metformin. When you first start glipizide/metformin, your provider might ask you to check your blood sugar more often to make sure it doesn't drop too much. Symptoms of low blood sugar levels include feeling shaky, being nervous or anxious, fast heartbeat, sweating or body chills, confusion, and feeling very hungry.
Make sure you and your family know how to treat low blood sugar and when they need to call 911. It's best to keep emergency fast-acting sugars with you at all times, in case you need to bring your blood sugar back up to a safer range.
Taking glipizide/metformin for a long period of time can cause your vitamin B12 levels to drop. Having low vitamin B12 levels can lead to a higher risk of anemia. Your provider will check your vitamin B12 levels through blood work every 2 to 3 years. If needed, your provider might recommend that you take vitamin B12 supplementation. Let your provider know if you frequently have low energy, dizziness, muscle problems, or tingling or numbness in your hands and feet.
| Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg/500mg | 180 tablets | $50.72 | $0.28 |
| 2.5mg/250mg | 30 tablets | $10.96 | $0.37 |
| 2.5mg/500mg | 60 tablets | $22.67 | $0.38 |
Glipizide/metformin is available in many different strengths so make sure you know which strength you are taking.
Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking this medicine, it is especially important that your healthcare professional know if you are taking any of the medicines listed below. The following interactions have been selected on the basis of their potential significance and are not necessarily all-inclusive.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Contraindications are specific health conditions or situations in which a person should not take a medication due to safety concerns. If you have any of the following conditions or if any of the following apply to you, let your healthcare provider know because Glipizide/metformin will not be safe for you to take.