Key takeaways
Methotrexate (Otrexup, Rasuvo) and hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) are both used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, but they have different uses and ways of working. Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that treats various cancers and non-cancer conditions like psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is given as an injection or may be taken by mouth as a tablet and works by blocking a protein important for cell growth. Hydroxychloroquine, on the other hand, is an oral medication that is a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) and an antimalarial. It helps treat rheumatoid arthritis and lupus by blocking certain immune system processes. Methotrexate can cause serious side effects like low white blood cells and kidney problems, while hydroxychloroquine can cause heart rhythm issues and eye damage. Methotrexate is not safe during pregnancy, but hydroxychloroquine might be an option for rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy. Both medications are available in brand and lower-cost generic forms.
