Key takeaways
Metronidazole (Flagyl) and Xifaxan (rifaximin) are both antibiotics, but they treat different types of infections. Metronidazole is a nitroimidazole antibiotic used to treat various bacterial and parasitic infections, such as bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis. It is available as a lower-cost generic and is typically taken three times a day. In contrast, Xifaxan is a rifamycin antibiotic used to treat travelers' diarrhea caused by *E. coli*, irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D), and to prevent hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Xifaxan is taken two to three times a day, depending on the condition, and does not have a generic form. Metronidazole has a serious interaction with alcohol, while Xifaxan does not, although it's still advised to avoid alcohol due to potential liver issues. Common side effects of metronidazole include diarrhea, nausea, and a metallic taste, whereas Xifaxan can cause swelling, dizziness, and fatigue. Both medications require a prescription and should be taken exactly as directed by your healthcare provider.
