Levalbuterol (also known by its brand name, Xopenex HFA) is a rescue inhaler used for the treatment or prevention of sudden wheezing or shortness of breath in people with certain breathing problems, such as asthma. This medication is for adults and children ages 4 years and older. It's inhaled through the mouth and the typical dose is 1 to 2 puffs every 4 to 6 hours. Levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) can cause side effects such as sore throat and runny nose. It's available as a lower-cost generic.
Treatment or prevention of wheezing or tightening of airways in people with certain types of lung problems (e.g., asthma)
Levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) is a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA). It relaxes the muscles in your lungs to open up your airways, making it easier to breathe.
Source: DailyMed
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
Fast heartbeat
Incidence not known
Confusion
difficult or labored breathing
difficulty swallowing
drowsiness
extra heartbeat
fainting
fast, pounding, slow, or irregular heartbeat or pulse
hives, welts, itching, or rash
large, hive-like swelling on the face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or genitals
noisy breathing
rapid, deep breathing
redness of the skin
restlessness
stomach cramps
unusual tiredness or weakness
vomiting
Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur:
Symptoms of overdose
dizziness
general feeling of discomfort or illness
headache
impaired consciousness
irregular or fast heartbeat
lightheadedness
nervousness
seizures
sweating
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
Accidental injury (in children 4 to 11 years of age)
body aches or pain
chills
congestion
dryness or soreness of the throat
general aches and pains
headache
hoarseness
increased cough
leg cramps
loss of appetite
migraines or other headaches
muscle tightness
nervousness
runny or stuffy nose
Less common
Abnormal growth filled with fluid or semisolid material
blemishes on the skin
blood in the urine
bloody nose
burning, dry, or itching eyes
burning or stinging of the skin
cough producing mucus
cramps
difficulty having a bowel movement
discharge from the eye
dry mouth or throat
ear pain
excessive tearing
eye itch
night sweats
numbness or decreased sensitivity of the hand
painful cold sores or blisters on the lips, nose, eyes, or genitals
redness, pain, or swelling of the eye, eyelid, or inner lining of the eyelid
stomach pain
tingling sensation in the arms or legs
vaginal yeast infection
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Works within minutes to help you breathe easier
Only used as needed
Safe for children as young as 4 years old
Not a long-acting treatment for asthma
Some people might find the inhaler difficult to use
Not the best choice if you have a history of an allergic reaction to albuterol
Carefully read the instructions on how to use your levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) inhaler and ask your provider or pharmacist if you have any questions.
If you're using a new levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) inhaler for the first time or if you haven't used it in more than 3 days, you'll need to prime your inhaler to make sure you get the full dose. To prime the levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) inhaler, shake the inhaler well, hold it upright and away from your face, and spray 4 times.
Shake levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) well for about 5 seconds before each dose. This makes sure the medication is mixed well so you receive the correct dose.
When you're ready to use levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA), place your lips firmly around the mouthpiece. Then, take a slow and deep breath while pushing the button on the top of the canister to deliver the medication. Try to hold your breath for up to 10 seconds or for as long as you comfortably can. This allows time for levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) to reach deep into your lungs.
If you need to inhale more than one puff of levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA), wait at least 1 minute between inhalations.
Clean the mouthpiece of levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) at least once a week. To do so, remove the cap and canister and set them aside. Then rinse the mouthpiece with warm running water for at least 30 seconds. Shake it and let it air dry fully before reassembling your inhaler.
If you're having a hard time using your levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA), ask your provider about a spacer. Spacers are devices that you can attach to your levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) inhaler to make it easier for you to inhale the medication.
Call your provider if your breathing worsens or you're not responding to levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA). Also contact your provider if you're using your rescue inhaler more often than usual. These could be signs you need a change in your breathing medications.
Levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Although rare, levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) can sometimes cause a muscle spasm in your lungs (bronchospasm). This can lead to difficulty breathing, wheezing, cough, and chest discomfort. If you still have trouble breathing right after using levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA), get medical help right away.
For some people, their asthma can worsen over time. If you find yourself needing to use more doses of levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) than usual, let your provider know. They'll examine you to see if they need to make any changes to your asthma medications to better help you control symptoms.
Risk factors: High blood pressure | Heart failure | Heart rate or rhythm problems | Using more levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) than recommended
Levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) might cause changes in your blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rhythm. But these side effects are extremely unlikely if you're only taking the recommended dose of levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA). If you have high blood pressure or other heart problems, your provider might ask you to check your blood pressure and heart rate regularly at home. Don't use levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) more often than recommended. If so, let your provider know so they can see if they need to make changes to your breathing medications. Tell your provider if you feel dizziness, tiredness, tremor, fast heartbeat, or weakness after using levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA).
Allergic reactions to levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) are possible, including life-threatening reactions like facial swelling, shock, and anaphylaxis (closing of the throat). Get medical attention right away if you notice hives, rash, red skin, swelling of the lips or tongue, or difficulty breathing after using levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA).
Risk factors: Using levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) too much
Levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) can cause the potassium levels in your blood to drop too low if you use more levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) than recommended. Symptoms of low potassium include tiredness, weakness, muscle cramps or spasms, a racing heart, and a "pins and needles" feeling in your hands and feet. Typically, this is mild and your potassium level should return to your typical range on its own with time. If you find yourself needing to use levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) more often than recommended, talk with your provider. They can let you know if they need to make changes to your asthma medications to better control your symptoms.
Each inhalation delivers 45 mcg of levalbuterol into the lungs.
People ages 4 years and older: The typical dose is 1 to 2 inhalations through the mouth every 4 to 6 hours as instructed by your healthcare provider.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Allergy to levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) or albuterol
Treatment or prevention of wheezing or tightening of airways in people with certain types of lung problems (e.g., asthma)
Treatment or prevention of wheezing or tightening of airways in people ages 4 years and older with certain types of lung problems (e.g., asthma)
Prevention of exercise-induced asthma in people ages 4 years and older
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Ameredes, B. T., et al. (2009). Levalbuterol versus albuterol. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports.
American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology. (n.d.). Bronchospasm defined.
Gawchick, S. M., et al. (1999). The safety and efficacy of nebulized levalbuterol compared with racemic albuterol and placebo in the treatment of asthma in pediatric patients. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
Jat, K. R., et al. (2013). Levalbuterol versus albuterol for acute asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics.
Lupin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (2024). XOPENEX HFA- levalbuterol tartrate aerosol, metered [package insert]. DailyMed.
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