Fluvoxamine maleate is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It's one of the first-choice treatment options for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in adults and children ages 8 years and older. Fluvoxamine is taken by mouth, typically once or twice daily, depending on your dose and whether you're taking the immediate-release tablet or the extended-release capsule. Fluvoxamine can cause a number of unpleasant side effects, including nausea, sleep problems, and headache. The brand name (Luvox) is no longer available.
Fluvoxamine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). It boosts serotonin levels in the brain, which can help with symptoms of OCD.
Source: DailyMed
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Less common
Behavior, mood, or mental changes
trouble with breathing
trouble with urinating
twitching
Rare
Absence of or decrease in body movements
agitation
blurred vision
chills
clumsiness or unsteadiness
confusion
convulsions (seizures)
inability to move the eyes
increase in body movements
menstrual changes
nosebleeds
overactive reflexes
poor coordination
red or irritated eyes
redness, tenderness, itching, burning, or peeling of the skin
restlessness
shivering
skin rash
sweating
talking or acting with excitement you cannot control
trembling or shaking
unusual bruising
unusual, incomplete, or sudden body or facial movements
unusual secretion of milk (in females)
weakness
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
Change in sexual performance or desire
headache
trouble sleeping
unusual tiredness
Less common
Abdominal or stomach pain
change in sense of taste
decreased appetite
feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings
increased sweating
unusual weight gain or loss
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
First-choice treatment option for OCD
Can be used in children as young as 8 years old
Available as a lower-cost generic medication
Can take before bedtime to sleep through drowsiness side effect
Might need to take twice daily, depending on your dose
Can cause a lot of side effects, such as sleepiness, trouble sleeping, and loss of appetite
Can interact with many medications, such as sumatriptan (Imitrex), carbamazepine (Tegretol), and diltiazem (Cardizem)
If you're starting fluvoxamine for the first time, your provider will have you try a lower dose and raise it slowly over time, depending on how your body is responding to the medication. Have regular check-ins with your provider, especially in the beginning. Let them know how the medication is affecting your OCD symptoms and if you're having any side effects.
Start by taking fluvoxamine once a day at bedtime. You can take it with or without food.
If you're taking fluvoxamine immediate-release tablets and your dose is higher than 100 mg, your provider will ask you to take it as divided doses, twice a day. If you prefer to only take fluvoxamine once a day, ask your provider about switching to the extended-release capsules.
If you're taking the fluvoxamine extended-release (ER) capsules, make sure you don't crush, chew, or open them. ER capsules work by releasing the medicine slowly in your body throughout the day, and tampering with the capsule can cause you to get too much medication too fast.
Before starting fluvoxamine, talk to your provider about all the medications that you take. Some medications can have very serious interactions if they're combined with fluvoxamine.
Avoid drinking alcohol while you're taking fluvoxamine. Mixing alcohol with this medication can cause side effects like sleepiness, confusion, and dizziness.
Don't stop fluvoxamine unless instructed by your provider. Stopping the medication too quickly can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
There isn't a specific amount of time you'll need to take fluvoxamine. In general, it can take several months of consistent (non-stop) treatment for you to see the benefits in your OCD symptoms.
Common side effects of fluvoxamine include sleepiness and not being able to concentrate. Avoid driving or doing tasks that require a lot of concentration until you know how this medication affects you.
Fluvoxamine can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Risk factors: Age 24 or younger
Fluvoxamine can cause suicidal thoughts or behavior, especially in people under the age of 25. Watch for new or worsening depression, suicidal thoughts or behavior, especially during the first few months of treatment or with a dose change. Let your healthcare provider know right away if you notice any unusual changes in mood or behavior while taking this medication.
Risk factors: Taking other medications that can affect the serotonin levels in your body
Serotonin syndrome is a rare, but potentially life-threatening condition where there's too much serotonin in the body. Your risk goes up if you use fluvoxamine with other medications that affect serotonin levels (e.g., antidepressants, lithium, triptans for migraines, St. John's wort). Tell your pharmacist about all medications and over-the-counter products you take before starting fluvoxamine so they can check for any interactions. Symptoms of too much serotonin include a fast heart rate, sweating, muscle stiffness or spasms, fever, and confusion. Tell your healthcare provider or get medical help right away if you have any of these symptoms.
Risk factors: Taking thioridazine, tizanidine (Zanaflex), pimozide, alosetron (Lotronex), or benzodiazepines
Fluvoxamine can interact with a lot of medications. Some interactions can lead to serious, life-threatening heart problems. Make sure your healthcare provider and pharmacist know all medications you take from all providers before starting fluvoxamine, so you can avoid this and other serious medication interactions.
Risk factors: Narrow angle glaucoma
Many antidepressants, including fluvoxamine, can cause changes to the eyes. These changes are usually minor and don't affect most people. However, if you have narrow angle glaucoma, fluvoxamine can worsen your eye condition. If you notice any changes to your vision while taking fluvoxamine, let your provider and eye care professional know right away.
Risk factors: Stopping fluvoxamine suddenly
Stopping fluvoxamine suddenly can cause withdrawal symptoms such as nausea, anxiety, agitation, flu-like symptoms, trouble sleeping, and dizziness. Your provider will help you stop fluvoxamine safely and slowly over time. Don't try to stop fluvoxamine on your own and without the supervision of a healthcare provider.
Risk factors: Taking other blood-thinning medications (including aspirin, NSAIDs, or warfarin)
Fluvoxamine can raise your risk of bleeding or bruising, especially if you're also taking aspirin, NSAIDs, or blood thinners. Tell your healthcare provider about any bruising that doesn't improve, or if you have black-colored stools, pink or red urine, or unusual bleeding from the nose or gums. If you're on blood thinners, your provider might recommend a change in your dose.
Risk factors: Personal or family history of bipolar disorder
Sometimes, depression is the first symptom of bipolar disorder. Treating someone who has bipolar disorder with an antidepressant can cause a manic episode (great excitement, euphoria, delusions, and overactivity). This is more likely to happen in people who are at higher risk of bipolar disorder. Your provider will discuss your history and possible symptoms of bipolar disorder before starting you on fluvoxamine.
Risk factors: History of seizures
Although it's rare to get seizures while taking fluvoxamine, it's still a possibility. If you have a history of seizures or are more prone to getting seizures, let your healthcare provider know before starting this medication.
Risk factors: Older adults | Taking diuretic medications ("water pills") | Low fluids in the body
In some very rare cases, fluvoxamine can cause low sodium levels in the blood. You might need to have regular blood tests done while taking fluvoxamine to make sure the sodium in your blood stays at a normal level. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you experience weakness, confusion, difficulty concentrating, headache, or memory problems while taking this medication.
SSRI medications, like fluvoxamine, can cause sexual problems such as ejaculation failure, lower sex drive, erectile dysfunction, and inability to orgasm. Let your provider know if you experience any sexual problems, as they can give you ways to manage these side effects.
Adults: The typical starting dose is 50 mg by mouth at bedtime. Your provider will adjust your dose based on how you respond to the medication. The maximum recommended dose is 300 mg per day, given in divided doses.
Children (aged 8 to 17 years old): The typical starting dose is 25 mg by mouth at bedtime. Your child's provider will adjust their dose based on how they respond to the medication. The maximum recommended dose is 200 mg per day, given in divided doses.
Adults: The typical starting dose is 100 mg by mouth at bedtime. Your provider might raise your dose weekly up to the maximum dose of 300 mg per day.
Your dose might differ if you're an older adult or have liver problems.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Currently taking tizanidine (Zanaflex), thioridazine, alosetron (Lotronex), pimozide, linezolid, IV methylene blue
Having taken any MAOI medication within the past 14 days, or starting a MAOI medication within 14 days of stopping fluvoxamine
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