Key takeaways
Ketorolac and meloxicam are both non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to relieve pain. They work by blocking proteins called cyclooxygenase (COX) that cause inflammation, pain, and swelling. However, they differ in several ways. Ketorolac is primarily used for short-term, moderate to severe pain in adults and is available as an oral tablet, injection, or nasal spray (Sprix). It also comes as eye drops (Acular, Acuvail) that may be used after corneal or cataract surgery. It is typically used for a maximum of 5 days due to the risk of severe side effects like heart attack and stomach ulcers. Meloxicam, on the other hand, is used for pain from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and is available as a capsule, tablet, liquid, or injection. It is usually taken once daily and can be used for longer periods. Both medications are available as lower-cost generics. Common side effects of ketorolac include stomach pain, nausea, and headache, while meloxicam can cause diarrhea, joint pain, and stomach upset. Both medications can interact with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and blood thinners, increasing the risk of serious side effects like stomach bleeding and heart problems.
