Key takeaways
Budesonide (Entocort EC) and azathioprine (Imuran, Azasan) are both used to treat Crohn's disease, but they belong to different medication classes. Budesonide is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation in the intestines, while azathioprine is an immunosuppressant that weakens the immune system to prevent it from attacking the body. Budesonide is FDA-approved for mild-to-moderate Crohn's disease and is taken as an oral capsule once daily. Azathioprine, on the other hand, is FDA-approved for preventing kidney transplant rejection and treating rheumatoid arthritis, but may be used off-label for Crohn's disease. It is available in oral and injectable forms, with dosing based on body weight, while budesonide is typically taken in the morning. Azathioprine requires regular blood tests due to its side effects. Common side effects of budesonide include headaches and respiratory infections, whereas azathioprine can cause nausea, vomiting, and a higher risk of infections. Budesonide can interact with grapefruit juice, while azathioprine requires caution with live vaccines. You should avoid drinking alcohol while taking azathioprene.
