Key takeaways
Clonidine ER (Kapvay) and dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) are both used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but they belong to different medication classes and work differently in the body. Clonidine ER is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that can be used alone or with other ADHD medications, and it is not a stimulant. It works by reducing the activity of stress hormones, which can cause sleepiness. Dextroamphetamine, on the other hand, is a stimulant that raises levels of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in the brain to improve focus and attention. Unlike clonidine ER, dextroamphetamine is a Schedule II controlled substance due to its potential for misuse and dependence. Clonidine ER is available in a generic form and is not controlled, while dextroamphetamine is available in both immediate-release and extended-release forms and has strict prescription requirements. Additionally, clonidine ER can cause sedation and low blood pressure, whereas dextroamphetamine can lead to trouble sleeping, loss of appetite, and increased heart rate.
