Sotalol (Betapace) is used to treat and prevent certain types of heart rate and heart rhythm problems (like atrial fibrillation or Afib). It's taken by mouth, typically twice a day. Usually, you need to start this medication in the hospital and stay there for at least 3 days so that the healthcare team can monitor your heart rhythm and check for any serious side effects. Sotalol (Betapace) can interact with several medications, including certain blood pressure medications and antacids. Sotalol is available both generic and brand name medications.
Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
Prevention of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in people who've experienced these problems before
Sotalol (Betapace) is a non-selective beta blocker and potassium channel blocker. It works by blocking certain potassium channels and beta receptors in your heart to slow down electrical activity; it also slows down your heart rate. These actions help in treating abnormal heart rhythms.
Source: DailyMed
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
Blurred vision
chest pain or discomfort
confusion
difficult or labored breathing
dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position
fast, slow, irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse
lightheadedness, dizziness, or fainting
sweating
swelling of the face, fingers, feet, or lower legs
tightness in the chest
unusual tiredness or weakness
Less common
Abdominal or stomach pain or swelling
body aches or pain
burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, "pins and needles", or tingling feelings
cough or hoarseness
decreased alertness
difficulty with speaking
dilated neck veins
double vision
extreme fatigue
feeling of warmth or heat
fever or chills
flushing or redness of the skin, especially on the face and neck
headache
inability to move the arms, legs, or facial muscles
inability to speak
irregular breathing
joint pain or swelling
loss of voice
lower back or side pain
nervousness
noisy breathing
painful, burning, or difficult urination
pounding in the ears
slow speech
Rare
Fast breathing
pinpoint red spots on the skin
Get emergency help immediately if any of the following symptoms of overdose occur:
Symptoms of overdose
cold sweats
cool, pale skin
increased hunger
nightmares
seizures
shakiness
slurred speech
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
Acid or sour stomach
difficulty with sleeping
heartburn or indigestion
pain in the arms or legs
Less common
Changes in vision
decreased sexual performance or desire
loss of appetite
mood changes
night blindness
passing gas
skin rash
weight changes
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Works well to treat life-threatening arrhythmias
Available in a lower-cost, generic version
Available as an oral liquid for people having trouble swallowing tablets
Must in a hospital for 3 days when first starting
Can cause serious arrhythmias, so it requires close monitoring
Can't use in people with certain medical conditions (e.g., heart failure, severe kidney problems, breathing problems)
Make sure to mark your calendar with your appointments to see your provider and to get any blood work done when you take sotalol (Betapace). Your provider might order tests (e.g., potassium level, kidney function, heart function, blood pressure, heart rate) during treatment and might change your dose of sotalol (Betapace) based on your lab results.
There are several medications that interact with sotalol (Betapace). Make sure to tell your provider about all of the medications you're taking before and during treatment with sotalol (Betapace).
You might feel dizzy when you start taking sotalol (Betapace) and when the dose is raised. This should get better over time as you continue taking the medication and your body gets used to your new blood pressure.
If you feel dizzy, lightheaded, feeling like you're going to faint, tired, or confused while taking sotalol (Betapace), your blood pressure might be too low. Your provider might recommend you measure and record your blood pressure at home and bring a record to your medical appointments. Make sure to hold onto something when standing and slowly sit or lie down if you can. Call your provider if this happens because your dose might need to be changed.
If you have diabetes and are taking insulin or other diabetes medication, ask your provider if you need to check your blood sugar more often while taking sotalol (Betapace) so that it doesn't go too low (hypoglycemia).
When you're starting or re-starting on sotalol (Betapace), you will need to stay in a hospital for at least 3 days for close monitoring and to determine the right dose for you. After you go home, make sure to take the exact same dose that you were prescribed at the end of your stay.
Take sotalol (Betapace) exactly as prescribed. Don't change your dose or suddenly stop taking the medication without talking to your provider first. Doing so can cause chest pain, thyroid problems, or your blood pressure or heart rate to rise quickly. If you want to stop sotalol (Betapace), ask your provider if it's safe to do so. You might need to lower your dose slowly over time before you can completely stop taking it.
If you accidentally miss a dose of sotalol (Betapace), take it as soon as you remember. But if it's close to your next dose, then skip that dose and take your next dose at your regularly scheduled time. Don't take 2 doses of sotalol (Betapace) at the same time to make up any missed doses, because this could lead to dangerous side effects.
Let your provider know if you're scheduled to undergo major surgery. They'll need to give you instruction on whether or not you should change your sotalol (Betapace) dose or stop taking it.
More tips for the sotalol (Betapace) 5 mg/mL liquid:
Make sure to only use a medication dose cup or oral syringe from the pharmacy to measure out your dose. Don't use household spoons because they aren't accurate and might cause you to take the wrong dose.
Store the sotalol (Betapace) suspension at room temperature and keep it in the original bottle it came in from the pharmacy.
Sotalol (Betapace) can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Risk factors: Kidney problems | Female sex | Slow heart rate | History of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation | Heart failure | Low blood potassium or magnesium levels | Taking other medications that cause QT prolongation | Taking high doses of sotalol (Betapace)
Sotalol (Betapace) can affect your heart rhythm, which can lead to serious and life-threatening problems like QT prolongation. To lower your risk, your provider might periodically check your heart and perform electrocardiograms (EKGs) to make sure your heart rhythm is normal. If you feel your chest pounding, have trouble breathing, have chest pain, or feel faint or lightheaded while taking sotalol (Betapace), get medical attention right away.
Risk factors: Not enough fluid in your body (dehydration) | Having diarrhea or vomiting for a long time
Sotalol (Betapace) can lower your heart rate or blood pressure by too much. This is more likely to happen when you first start sotalol (Betapace) or when the dose is raised. Make sure to stay well-hydrated. Your provider might ask you to check your heart rate and blood pressure regularly when you're at home. If your blood pressure or heart rate drops too much and you feel dizzy, make sure to sit down slowly while holding onto something and let your provider know. If you fall and hit your head, get medical help right away. If you feel dizzy, lightheaded, faint, tired, or confused while taking sotalol (Betapace), contact your provider right away.
Sotalol (Betapace) cause heart failure or make existing heart failure worse. Contact your provider right away if you notice symptoms of heart failure such as unexplained weight gain, edema (swelling due to more fluid) in legs or feet, or more shortness of breath especially when you lie down.
Risk factors: History of asthma | History of COPD
Sotalol (Betapace) can make breathing harder because it causes your airways to tighten. This can also cause wheezing, cough, and chest discomfort. To lower your risk for lung problems, your provider will check your medical history and might give you a test that checks how healthy your lungs are before and during treatment with sotalol (Betapace). If you experience trouble breathing, wheezing, or coughing after using sotalol (Betapace), get medical attention right away.
Risk factors: Diabetes | Taking insulin or other oral diabetes medications
Sotalol (Betapace) can mask many symptoms of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), except for sweating and dizziness. Sotalol (Betapace) can also cause higher blood sugar levels. If you have diabetes, talk to your provider if you need to monitor your blood sugar or change the dosages of your diabetes medications while taking sotalol (Betapace).
Don't suddenly stop taking sotalol (Betapace). Doing so puts you at risk for chest pain and heart attacks, especially if you have other medical conditions like thyroid problems or heart disease. If you're wanting to stop sotalol (Betapace), contact your provider to come up with a plan on how to stop the medication safely. You'll need to lower the dose slower over a long period of time (e.g., 1 to 2 weeks).
Some people have experienced a severe allergic reaction to sotalol (Betapace). These reactions can be life-threatening and include facial swelling, hives, and anaphylaxis (e.g., closing of the throat). If you notice dizziness; fast heartbeat; a choking sensation; difficulty breathing; swelling around your eyes, lips, or tongue; or any signs of a severe skin reaction after taking sotalol (Betapace); get medical attention right away.
Sotalol is available as an oral tablet (e.g., Betapace or Betapace AF, Sorine, generic tablet) and as a 5 mg/mL oral liquid (e.g., Sotylize). The dosing is the same for the tablets and liquid.
Adults
Ventricular arrhythmias: The typical starting dose is 80 mg by mouth twice daily. Your provider will raise your dose slowly over time. The typical maintenance dose ranges from 160 mg to 320 mg daily, taken in 2 or 3 divided doses.
Prevention of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter: The typical starting dose is 80 mg by mouth twice daily. Your provider will raise your dose slowly over time. The typical maintenance dose is 120 mg twice daily.
Children
Your child's provider will calculate your child's dose based on their body surface area, age, and why they need sotalol (Betapace). The medication is typically taken by mouth three times per day.
The dose or how often you take it might differ if you have kidney problems. Sotalol is also available as an injection that's given by a healthcare provider, typically in a hospital setting.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Certain heart rate or rhythm problems (e.g., sinus bradycardia, sick sinus syndrome, second and third degree AV block) unless you have a pacemaker
Cardiogenic shock or decompensated heart failure
Blood potassium < 4 mEq/L
Asthma or other breathing problems
Baseline QT interval > 450 msec (for treatment of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter)
Treatment of ventricular arrhythmias
Prevention of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter in people who've experienced these problems before
Prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation (AFib) or atrial flutter
Treatment of atrial fibrillation or flutter
Life-threatening ventricular fibrillation that keeps coming back (when other antiarrhythmics haven't worked well)
Life-threatening tachycardia that keeps coming back (when other antiarrhythmics haven't worked)
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