Prednisone is a corticosteroid medication used to treat various conditions in pets, including autoimmune conditions, allergies, Addison’s disease, and certain cancers. It works by reducing inflammation and calming an overactive immune system. It’s commonly prescribed for dogs, but not usually for cats because cats don’t absorb the medication well. It comes in tablet and liquid forms and is given by mouth. Common side effects include increased appetite, thirst, and urination.
Autoimmune conditions (e.g., lupus, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia)
Certain cancers (e.g., lymphoma)
Prednisone is a corticosteroid. It acts like your pet’s natural hormone called cortisol. The medication works by calming down the immune system when it’s too active, which can treat inflammatory conditions like allergies or autoimmune diseases. The medication also replaces natural steroids if your pet’s body isn’t making enough, like in Addison’s disease.
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
Aggression
agitation
blurred vision
decrease in the amount of urine
dizziness
fast, slow, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse
headache
irritability
mood changes
noisy, rattling breathing
numbness or tingling in the arms or legs
pounding in the ears
shortness of breath
swelling of the fingers, hands, feet, or lower legs
trouble thinking, speaking, or walking
troubled breathing at rest
Incidence not known
Abdominal or stomach cramping or burning (severe)
abdominal or stomach pain
backache
bloody, black, or tarry stools
cough or hoarseness
darkening of the skin
decrease in height
decreased vision
eye tearing
facial hair growth in females
fainting
fever or chills
flushed, dry skin
fractures
fruit-like breath odor
full or round face, neck, or trunk
heartburn or indigestion (severe and continuous)
increased hunger
increased thirst
increased urination
loss of appetite
loss of sexual desire or ability
lower back or side pain
menstrual irregularities
muscle pain or tenderness
muscle wasting or weakness
pain in the back, ribs, arms, or legs
painful or difficult urination
skin rash
sweating
trouble healing
trouble sleeping
unexplained weight loss
unusual tiredness or weakness
vision changes
vomiting
vomiting of material that looks like coffee grounds
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
Increased appetite
Incidence not known
Abnormal fat deposits on the face, neck, and trunk
dry scalp
lightening of normal skin color
red face
reddish purple lines on the arms, face, legs, trunk, or groin
swelling of the stomach area
thinning of the scalp hair
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Treats many different conditions
Most pets only need a short course of medication
Comes in tablet and liquid forms
Long-term use can lead to serious side effects
Might need to slowly lower the dose before stopping
Doesn’t work as well as prednisolone in cats
You can give prednisone with food to help lower the chance of an upset stomach.
Prednisone can cause trouble sleeping. For dogs, giving the medication in the morning might help them sleep better at night. Since cats are more active at night, it might be better to give it to them in the evening instead.
Keep plenty of fresh water available while your pet is taking prednisone. Increased thirst is a common side effect and your pet might drink and urinate more than usual.
If your pet takes the liquid form of prednisone, use a measuring spoon or syringe to give the correct dose. Don’t use household spoons since they come in different sizes and might give the wrong amount.
Prednisone shouldn’t be given to pregnant animals unless the benefits are greater than the risks. Talk to your vet if your pet becomes pregnant or if you plan to breed your pet while they’re taking this medication.
Your pet might need to taper off prednisone — this means starting with a higher dose and slowly lowering it. Follow your vet’s instructions carefully to help prevent withdrawal and keep your pet safe.
Prednisone can cause some serious health issues. This risk might be even higher for certain pets. If this worries you, talk to your veterinarian about other options.
Risk factors: Taking other medications that cause stomach or intestinal ulcers
Prednisone can sometimes cause stomach or intestinal ulcers in pets, especially if taken with other medications that raise your risk for these ulcers. These ulcers can lead to serious problems like vomiting, reduced appetite, diarrhea, or bloody stool. If your pet shows any of these signs, contact your vet right away.
Prednisone can weaken your pet’s immune system, making it harder for them to fight off infections that normally wouldn’t be a problem. While taking this medication, your pet might be at risk for bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infections. Contact your vet right away if your pet shows signs of infection, such as fever, vomiting, diarrhea, shaking, weakness, or confusion.
Risk factors: Long-term steroid treatment | High doses of prednisone
If your pet takes prednisone at a high dose or for a long time, they might be at higher risk for Cushing’s disease. Signs to watch for include drinking and eating more than usual, urinating more often, a round “pot-bellied” stomach, low energy, and hair loss. If you see any of these symptoms, call your vet. They might give you instructions on how to slowly lower the dose. Never stop this medication suddenly since it could cause withdrawal symptoms.
Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
---|---|---|---|
5mg/5ml | 50 ml | $14.61 | $0.29 |
The dose will depend on your pet’s weight and the condition being treated.
Dogs:
Allergies: The typical dose is 0.5 mg/kg to 1 mg/kg per day given by mouth.
Autoimmune conditions: The typical dose is around 2 mg/kg per day by mouth.
Addison’s disease: The typical dose is less than 0.1 mg/kg to 0.25 mg/kg per day by mouth.
Cats:
See the dosage for prednisolone. Cats usually receive prednisolone instead of prednisone, but if your cat is prescribed prednisone, the dose will likely be similar to the prednisolone dose.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Fungal infections spread throughout the body
Stomach or intestinal ulcers
Untreated Cushing’s disease
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Del Baldo, F., et al. (2024). Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis recovery after intermediate-acting glucocorticoid treatment in client-owned dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
Edwards, S. H. (2024). Corticosteroids in animals. Merck Manual Veterinary Manual.
Garden, O. A., et al. (2019). ACVIM consensus statement on the diagnosis of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs and cats. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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