Enalapril (Vasotec) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that’s used to lower blood pressure and treat heart and kidney conditions in dogs and cats. It’s commercially available as a tablet or liquid. This is a human medication used off-label for pets. Enalapril is usually given once or twice a day by mouth. The most common side effects are vomiting, diarrhea, and tiredness.
Congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs and cats
High blood pressure in dogs and cats
Kidney problems in dogs and cats
is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It relaxes blood vessels by blocking the enzyme that causes them to tighten. This widens the blood vessels, which lowers blood pressure and makes it easier for the heart to pump blood throughout your pet’s body.
Enalapril also relaxes blood vessels in the kidneys, which can help treat certain kidney conditions.
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
Blurred vision
confusion
dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position
sweating
unusual tiredness or weakness
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
More common
Dizziness
Less common
Lack or loss of strength
rash
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Comes as a tablet and liquid
Works quickly within 1 to 2 hours
First-choice treatment for high blood pressure
Helps dogs with heart failure live longer
Might have to take it for the rest of their life
Not safe for pregnant animals
Commonly causes vomiting and diarrhea
Might require blood tests to monitor kidney health and electrolyte levels
Make sure your pet is drinking plenty of water while taking enalapril. Dehydration can cause new or worsening kidney damage. Always keep fresh water available for your pet and let your vet know if you notice any signs of dehydration, such as dry mouth, sunken eyes, or a weak, fast pulse.
Enalapril can be compounded into a liquid to make it easier to give to your pet. If it’s compounded, follow your vet and pharmacist's directions for storage and administration.
Enalapril might have to be given with other medications to control your pet’s heart failure symptoms or blood pressure.
Enalapril is known to cause harm to unborn puppies or kittens and shouldn’t be given to pregnant animals. For humans, enalapril has a black box warning stating that it can’t be prescribed to pregnant people.
Pets taking enalapril should be monitored to make sure that the medication is working and to avoid serious side effects. Your vet might want to watch your pet’s kidney function, hydration, blood pressure, or electrolytes. Follow your vet’s advice to help your pet have the best outcome while taking this medication.
Enalapril interacts with common medications like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), other blood pressure medications, steroids, and diuretics. Tell your vet and pharmacist about all medications and supplements that your pet is taking to make sure they can be taken safely.
Enalapril might make your pet more tired than usual, but this should go away once they get used to the medication. Talk to your vet if your pet is abnormally tired or if it doesn’t go away, especially if they have other symptoms of more serious conditions like dehydration or low blood pressure.
Enalapril can cause some serious health issues. This risk might be even higher for certain pets. If this worries you, talk to your veterinarian about other options.
Risk factors: Aortic stenosis | Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | Taking other blood pressure medications
Enalapril can lower your pet’s blood pressure. But if their dose is too high, it could make their blood pressure too low . This can be especially dangerous if your pet has certain heart conditions, like aortic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Also, taking enalapril with other blood pressure-lowering medications can also cause your pet’s blood pressure to drop too low. Tell your vet if your pet has any of these heart conditions before starting enalapril or other blood pressure-lowering medications.
Risk factors: Heart failure | Dehydration
Enalapril can reduce how well your pet’s kidneys filter waste. If your pet already has poor kidney function caused by conditions like heart failure or dehydration, this medication could make it even worse. Your vet will help decide if enalapril is safe for your pet.
The dose of enalapril is based on your pet’s weight. It also depends on how your pet reacts to this medication or the condition being treated.
The dose is usually 0.25 mg/kg to 0.5 mg/kg by mouth every 12 or 24 hours for cats and dogs.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Pregnant animals
Certain heart conditions (e.g., aortic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
Congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs and cats
High blood pressure in dogs and cats
Kidney problems in dogs and cats
Liver problems in cats and dogs
Kidney problems in cats and dogs
High blood pressure in cats and dogs
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