Key takeaways
Xifaxan (rifaximin) and Cipro (ciprofloxacin) are both antibiotics, but they belong to different classes and treat different conditions. Xifaxan is a rifamycin antibiotic used to treat travelers' diarrhea caused by *E. coli*, irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D), and to prevent hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in adults. It works by preventing bacteria in the gut from making proteins they need to survive. On the other hand, Cipro is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that treats a wide range of infections, including sinus infections, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and skin infections. It works by blocking enzymes that bacteria need to grow and repair their DNA. Xifaxan is typically taken 2 to 3 times a day, while Cipro is usually taken 2 times a day. Cipro has more serious potential side effects, such as tendon rupture and nerve damage. Xifaxan's common side effects include swelling, dizziness, and fatigue, whereas Cipro commonly causes nausea and diarrhea. Cipro is available in multiple forms, including tablets, oral liquid, and an injection, while Xifaxan is only available as tablets.
