What is Gammagard?

Thrombosis may occur with or without known risk factors, including advanced age, prolonged immobilization, hypercoagulable conditions, history of venous or arterial thrombosis, estrogen use, indwelling central vascular catheters, hyperviscosity, and cardiovascular risk factors . For patients at risk of thrombosis, administer immune globulin at the minimum dose and infusion rate practicable. Ensure adequate hydration in patients before administration; monitor for signs and symptoms of thrombosis and assess blood viscosity in patients at risk for hyperviscosity . Renal dysfunction, acute renal failure, osmotic nephrosis, and death may occur in predisposed patients who receive immune globulin IV (IGIV) products. Patients predisposed to renal dysfunction include those with any degree of preexisting renal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, age greater than 65, volume depletion, sepsis, paraproteinemia, or patients receiving known nephrotoxic drugs. Higher rates of renal failure were associated with IGIV products that contain sucrose . The following products do not contain sucrose: Gammaplex (R), Bivigam (R), Octagam (R) 10%, Gamunex (R)-C, Gammagard Liquid (R), Gammagard S/D, Gammaked (TM), Flebogamma (R) 5% DIF, Flebogamma (R) 10% DIF, Privigen (R), and Hizentra (R) .

Thrombosis may occur with immune globulin products. Risk factors may include: advanced age, prolonged immobilization, hypercoagulable conditions, history of venous or arterial thrombosis, use of estrogens, indwelling central vascular catheters, hyperviscosity, and cardiovascular risk factors. Thrombosis may occur in the absence of known risk factors.For patients at risk of thrombosis, do not exceed the recommended dose. Ensure adequate hydration in patients before administration. Monitor for signs and symptoms of thrombosis and assess blood viscosity in patients at risk for hyperviscosity .

Warning: Thrombosis, Renal Dysfunction, and Acute Renal FailureThrombosis may occur with immune globulin intravenous (IGIV) products, including immune globulin-ifas. Risk factors may include: advanced age, prolonged immobilization, hypercoagulable conditions, history of venous or arterial thrombosis, use of estrogens, indwelling vascular catheters, hyperviscosity, and cardiovascular risk factors.Renal dysfunction, acute renal failure, osmotic nephropathy, and death may occur with the administration of IGIV products in predisposed patients. Renal dysfunction and acute renal failure occur more commonly in patients receiving IGIV products containing sucrose. Immune globulin-ifas does not contain sucrose.For patients at risk of thrombosis, renal dysfunction, or renal failure, administer immune globulin-ifas at the minimum infusion rate practicable. Ensure adequate hydration in patients before administration. Monitor for signs and symptoms of thrombosis and assess blood viscosity in patients at risk for hyperviscosity .

Immune globulin injection is used to prevent infections or make the infection less severe (eg, hepatitis A with not more than 2 weeks of exposure, chickenpox, measles with not more than 6 days of exposure, has not been vaccinated, and has not had measles previously, or rubella) when your body has a weak immune system. Immune globulin contains antibodies that make your immune system stronger. It is used for patients who have primary humoral immunodeficiency (PI), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura, or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). It is also used to improve muscle strength and disability in patients with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN). Immune globulin injection belongs to a group of medicines known as immunizing agents.

This medicine is to be given only by or under the supervision of your doctor.

A doctor or other trained health professional will give you this medicine in a medical facility. It is given through a needle placed into one of your veins, as a shot into one of your muscles, or as a shot under your skin.

This medicine comes with a patient information insert. Read and follow the instructions carefully. Ask your doctor if you have any questions.

While you are being treated with immune globulin injection, do not have any immunizations (vaccines) without your doctor's approval. Live virus vaccines should not be given for 3 to 6 months after receiving immune globulin.

The Gammagard Liquid, Gammaked™, Gamunex®-C, and Hizentra® products may be given at home to patients who do not need to be in the hospital or clinic. They are given as an infusion under your skin once every week. The Hizentra® product may also be given once every 2 weeks. If you are using this medicine at home, your doctor will teach you how to prepare and infuse the medicine. You will be shown the body areas where the medicine can be given. Use a different body area for each infusion. Keep track of where you give an infusion to make sure you rotate sites. This will help prevent skin problems.

Do not change the brand or type of your immune globulin unless your doctor tells you to. If you must change the brand of medicine, talk to your doctor before giving yourself an infusion. Make sure you understand the instructions on how to use the new brand.

Allow the Gammagard Liquid, Gammaked™, or Gamunex®-C brand to reach room temperature before using it.

To use Gammagard Liquid, Gammaked™, Gamunex®-C, or Hizentra®:

• First, gather the items you will need on a clean, flat surface using a cloth or towel in a well-lighted area.
• Wash your hands with soap and water before and after using this medicine.
• If you have been told to wear gloves when preparing your infusion, put the gloves on.
• Check the liquid in the vial (glass container). It should be clear and slightly yellow to light brown in color. If it is cloudy, discolored, or contains large flecks (particles), do not use the vial. Select another vial.
• If the liquid is clear, place it on the clean, flat surface. Do not heat up or shake the medicine.
• Follow your doctor's instructions on how to prepare the correct amount of medicine.
• Choose an injection site on your body (eg, abdomen or stomach area, thigh, upper arm, upper leg, hip). Clean the injection site with a fresh alcohol wipe, and let it dry.
• With two fingers, pinch together the skin at the injection site. Insert the needle with the tube under the skin.
• Put sterile gauze and tape over the injection site to keep the needle from coming out.
• Before starting the infusion, make sure no blood is flowing into the infusion tube. If blood is present, remove and throw away the used needle and tube.
• Follow your doctor's instructions on how to use the infusion pump.
• Remove the peel-off portion of the label from the used vial. Place this label in your treatment diary or log book. Write down the amount of medicine you used, the date, and the time of your treatment.
• It usually takes about 60 minutes for each infusion.
• When all of the medicine has been infused, turn off the pump.
• Take the gauze off and remove the needle and tube from your skin.
• Clean and store the infusion pump.

This medicine needs to be given on a fixed schedule. If you miss a dose or forget to use your medicine, call your doctor or pharmacist for instructions.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.

Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.

Store the Hizentra® product at room temperature, away from heat and moisture, for up to 30 months. Keep from freezing. Protect the product from direct light. Keep the medicine in its original package until you are ready to use it.

Store the Gamunex®-C product in its original container and in the refrigerator, but do not freeze it.

You may store the Gammagard Liquid or Gammaked™ product in the refrigerator or at room temperature. Check the box or label of the vials for expiration dates. Store it in the original container. Do not freeze. Talk with your pharmacist if you have questions about storage of this product.

Throw away used needles and tubes in a hard, closed container where the needles cannot poke through. Keep this container away from children and pets.

In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:

Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of immune globulin injection in children. Some of the products are only used in children who are 2, 3, or 15 years of age and older, and other products are not approved for use in children. Immune globulin injection is used to treat primary humoral immunodeficiency (PI), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura in children. Safety and efficacy have not been established for use in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) or multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN).

Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of Gamastan® in the pediatric population. Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated geriatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of immune globulin injection in the elderly. However, elderly patients are more likely to have age-related blood clotting problems, kidney disease, or heart disease, which may require caution for patients receiving immune globulin injection.

Appropriate studies have not been performed on the relationship of age to the effects of Gamastan® in the elderly. Safety and efficacy have not been established.

There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.

Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.

Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.

The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:

• Allergy to corn—Use with caution. May cause an allergic reaction to occur again.

• Anemia, history of or
• Bleeding problems, history of or
• Hyponatremia (low sodium in the blood) or
• Kidney problems—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse.

• Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), history of or
• Blood clotting problems, history of or
• Diabetes or
• Heart attack or stroke, recent or
• Heart or blood vessel disease or
• Hyperproteinemia (high protein in the blood) or
• Hyperviscosity (thick blood), known or suspected or
• Hypovolemia (low blood volume or major loss of body fluids) or
• IgA (immunoglobulin A) deficiency with antibodies against IgA or
• Paraproteinemia (paraproteins in the blood) or
• Sepsis (serious infection in the body)—Use with caution. May cause side effects to become worse.

• Hereditary intolerance to fructose or sucrose or
• IgA (immunoglobulin A) deficiency with antibodies against IgA—Gammaplex® should not be used in patients with these conditions.

• Hyperprolinemia (too much proline in the blood) or
• IgA (immunoglobulin A) deficiency with antibodies against IgA—Hizentra® and Privigen® should not be used in patients with these conditions.

• IgA (immunoglobulin A) deficiency with antibodies against IgA—Gamastan® and Octagam® should not be used in patients with this condition.

It is very important that your doctor check your progress at regular visits for any problems that may be caused by this medicine. Blood and urine tests may be needed to check for unwanted effects.

Patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) should not be treated with Gammaked™ or Gamunex®-C that is injected under the skin (subcutaneously). Doing so may increase the risk of having a hematoma (buildup of blood under the skin).

This medicine may cause fever, chills, flushing, headaches, nausea, and vomiting, especially if you are receiving it for the first time or if you have not received it for more than 8 weeks. Check with your doctor or nurse right away if you have any of these symptoms.

This medicine is made from donated human blood. Some human blood products have transmitted certain viruses to people who have received them, although the risk is low. Human donors and donated blood are both tested for viruses to keep the transmission risk low. Talk with your doctor if you have concerns about this risk.

This medicine may cause a serious type of allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention. Tell your doctor right away if you have a rash, itching, hives, chest pain, dizziness or lightheadedness, trouble breathing, trouble swallowing, or any swelling of your hands, face, or mouth after receiving this medicine. Certain people, including those with IgA (an immunoglobulin) deficiency and antibodies against IgA and a history of hypersensitivity to human immunoglobulin products should not use this medicine.

Check with your doctor right away if you start to have a stiff neck, drowsiness, fever, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, painful eye movements, or eye sensitivity to light. These could be symptoms of a serious condition called aseptic meningitis syndrome (AMS).

This medicine may cause bleeding (hemolysis) or hemolytic anemia. Tell your doctor right away if you have stomach or back pain, dark urine, decreased urination, difficulty with breathing, an increased heart rate, tiredness, or yellow eyes or skin after you receive the medicine.

Check with your doctor right away if you start having chest pain, difficult, fast, or noisy breathing, blue lips and fingernails, fever, pale skin, increased sweating, coughing that sometimes produces a pink frothy sputum, shortness of breath, or swelling of the legs and ankles after receiving this medicine. These may be symptoms of a serious lung problem.

This medicine may cause blood clots. This is more likely to occur if you have a history of blood clotting problems, heart disease, or atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), or if you are obese, take medicines containing estrogen, or must stay in bed for a long time because of surgery or illness. Check with your doctor right away if you suddenly have chest pain, severe headache, leg pain, or problems with vision, speech, or walking.

Check with your doctor right away if you start having red or dark brown urine, lower back or side pain, sudden weight gain, swollen face, arms, or legs, decreased urine output, or any problems with urination after you receive this medicine. These may be symptoms of a serious kidney problem.

Your blood pressure might get too high while you are using this medicine. This may cause headaches, dizziness, or blurred vision. You might need to measure your blood pressure at home. If you think your blood pressure is too high, call your doctor right away.

Make sure any doctor or dentist who treats you knows that you are using this medicine. This medicine may affect the results of certain medical tests.