Key takeaways
Zaleplon (Sonata) and doxepin (Silenor) are both medications used to treat insomnia, but they work in different ways and have distinct characteristics. Zaleplon is a sedative-hypnotic that helps you fall asleep quickly by working on amma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in your brain. It is a controlled substance and can be habit-forming, so it's only recommended for short-term use. On the other hand, doxepin (Silenor) is a tricyclic antidepressant that helps you stay asleep by blocking histamine receptors. Unlike zaleplon, doxepin is not addictive and is not a controlled substance. Zaleplon is best taken right before bedtime without food, while doxepin should be taken on an empty stomach at least 30 minutes before bed. Both medications can cause unusual behaviors while asleep, but doxepin also carries a risk of worsening depression or suicidal thoughts, especially in younger people. Zaleplon is available as a lower-cost generic, whereas doxepin (Silenor) also has a generic form available.
