Key takeaways
Loxapine (generic, formerly sold as Loxitane) and clozapine (Clozaril, Versacloz) are both used to treat schizophrenia, but they have some key differences. Loxapine is a first-generation (typical) antipsychotic, while clozapine is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic. Loxapine is available only as a generic oral capsule, whereas clozapine is available as generic and both a regular tablet and a dissolvable tablet. Clozapine is not a first-choice medication due to its many side effects, including a dangerous drop in white blood cell count, which requires regular blood tests under a special monitoring program. Loxapine, on the other hand, can cause more movement-related side effects and is more likely to cause drowsiness and dizziness. Both medications can cause serious side effects like neuroleptic malignant syndrome and seizures, but clozapine also carries risks of heart problems and severe constipation. Additionally, clozapine can lead to weight gain, high blood sugar, and high cholesterol, while loxapine's effects on weight are less clear.
