Key takeaways
Captopril (Capoten) and ramipril (Altace) are both ACE inhibitors used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. They work by relaxing blood vessels, which helps lower blood pressure. Captopril is also used to prevent kidney problems in people with diabetes, which is not an approved use for ramipril. Captopril is taken two to three times a day on an empty stomach, while ramipril is usually taken once or twice a day and can be taken with or without food. Both medications are available as generics, but captopril is only available as a tablet, whereas ramipril comes in a capsule that can be opened and mixed with food or liquid. Side effects of both medications include a dry cough and dizziness, and both may rarely cause angioedema. Both medications can cause high potassium levels and should not be taken with certain other medications, like NSAIDs, due to potential kidney problems. Neither medication is recommended during pregnancy.
