Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a lab-made version of the hormone vasopressin that helps your body hold on to more fluids. The oral forms of this medication treat conditions related to your body making too much urine, such as central diabetes insipidus and bedwetting, in children and adults. Desmopressin (DDAVP) also comes as an injection that's given by healthcare providers to treat problems related to blood clotting (hemophilia A and von Willebrand disease). Some of the more common side effects of this medication include headaches and low blood sodium levels.
Bedwetting - oral tablets only
Nocturia (a lot of urination at nighttime) in adults - sublingual tablets (Nocdurna) only
Von Willebrand disease - injection only
Hemophilia A - injection only
Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a synthetic vasopressin analog, which means it's a man-made form of a natural hormone in your body called vasopressin. It works in your kidneys to balance fluids in your body and stop you from making too much urine. It also raises the number of proteins in your blood to stop you from bleeding so easily.
Source:Â DailyMed
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Rare
Chills
confusion
difficulty swallowing
dizziness
drowsiness
puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes
seizures
tightness in the chest
trouble breathing
unusual tiredness or weakness
Incidence not known
Blurred vision
body aches or pain
decreased urine output
ear congestion
fast, irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse
headache
increased thirst
loss of consciousness
loss of voice
muscle pain or cramps
nervousness
nosebleed
pounding in the ears
runny or stuffy nose
slow or fast heartbeat
swelling of the face, ankles, or hands
vomiting
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Less common
Bloody nose
burning, dry, or itching eyes
eye discharge or excessive tearing
indigestion
loss of appetite
passing gas
redness, pain, or swelling of the eye, eyelid, or inner lining of the eyelid
stomach pain, fullness, or discomfort
Incidence not known
Belching
feeling of warmth
redness of the face, neck, arms, and upper chest
sleepiness or unusual drowsiness
stomach cramps
trouble sleeping
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Works well to treat nocturia, bedwetting, and bleeding conditions
Works quickly within 30 minutes to 1 hour
Your provider can adjust the dose based on your response for some conditions.
Oral tablet is available in a lower-cost generic form
Can cause dangerously low levels of sodium so you might need to have occasional blood tests done
Might not be a good treatment option if you have kidney problems
The sublingual tablets aren't approved for children
The sublingual tablets are brand only
Your healthcare provider might want you to limit the fluids you drink while you're taking desmopressin (DDAVP). Follow their instructions carefully to prevent low sodium levels in your body.
You can take desmopressin (DDAVP) with or without food. It might take longer for desmopressin (DDAVP) to work if you take it with food, but it won't change how well the medication works.
If you're taking the oral tablets for bedwetting, take the medication at bedtime.
If you're taking the sublingual tablets for nighttime urination, take the medication 1 hour before bedtime, and empty your bladder before bed as well. Avoid drinks with caffeine and alcohol before bed because they can cause your body to make more urine.
If you're taking the sublingual tablets, don't push the tablet out of the foil as you're opening it. Also, don't take the tablet out of the foil until you're ready to take the medication. When you take it, keep it under your tongue until it's completely dissolved. You don't need to drink water afterwards.
Make sure to get any labs ordered by your provider done on time, so they can make sure desmopressin (DDAVP) isn't causing side effects, such as low blood sodium levels.
Desmopressin (DDAVP) can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Risk factors: Drinking an extreme amount of fluids | Conditions that cause fluid or electrolyte problems | Taking certain water pills (loop diuretics) or certain steroid medications | Older age | Taking other medications that can cause low sodium levels | Female
Desmopressin can cause dangerously low sodium levels in your blood, which can lead to seizures, coma, respiratory arrest (can't breathe), or death. To lower your risk, your provider will likely have you limit the amount of fluids you drink. Don't take the sublingual tablet, Nocdurna (desmopressin), if you drink an extreme amount of fluids, have conditions that cause fluid or electrolyte problems, or if you take certain water pills (loop diuretics) or certain steroid medications. These can put you at higher risk of seriously low sodium levels. Your healthcare provider will make sure your sodium levels are normal before you start Nocdurna. If you experience headache, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, weight gain, muscle weakness, cramps, or spasms, loss of appetite, or seizures, let your provider know right away.
Risk factors: History of heart failure or uncontrolled high blood pressure | Problems fully emptying your bladder | High pressure in your skull
Desmopressin (DDAVP) can cause you to hold onto fluids in your body. This can be dangerous if you have heart failure, high blood pressure, or other conditions that can be worsened by having too much fluid in the body. Don't take Nocdurna (desmopressin) if you have heart failure or high blood pressure that's not controlled. Talk to your healthcare provider if you have sudden weight gain or swelling in your arms and legs that doesn't go away.
Although rare, desmopressin (DDAVP) can cause severe allergic reactions, such as rash, blistering, trouble breathing, and swelling of the mouth, tongue, or throat. Go to the emergency room right away if you experience any of these.
Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
---|---|---|---|
5ml of 0.01% | 1 nasal spray | $52.06 | $52.06 |
Central diabetes insipidus
Adults and children ages 4 years and older: The typical starting dose is 0.05 mg by mouth twice daily. Your provider will adjust your dose as needed. The typical dose ranges from 0.1 mg to 0.8 mg daily total, split into 2 to 3 smaller doses, and taken throughout the day.
Bedwetting
Children ages 6 years and older: The typical starting dose is 0.2 mg by mouth at bedtime. Your provider might raise your dose as needed. The maximum dose is 0.6 mg at bedtime.
Nocturia (Brand name Nocdurna only)
Females (adult): The typical dose is 27.7 mcg dissolved under the tongue, an hour before bedtime.
Males (adult): The typical dose is 55.3 mcg dissolved under the tongue, an hour before bedtime.
Desmopressin (DDAVP) is also available as an injection to treat diabetes insipidus, hemophilia A, and von Willebrand’s disease. It can be injected into the veins (IV) or under your skin by a healthcare provider.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Kidney problems
Low sodium levels in your blood (either currently or in the past)
Sublingual tablets only:
Extreme thirst (polydipsia)
Take certain water pills (loop diuretics)
Take certain steroid medications (e.g., pills or inhalers)
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
Conditions that cause fluid or electrolyte problems
Uncontrolled high blood pressure
Bedwetting - oral tablets only
Nocturia (a lot of urination at nighttime) in adults - sublingual tablets (Nocdurna) only
Von Willebrand disease - injection only
Hemophilia A - injection only
Overactive bladder
Incontinence in children due to a neurologic (brain) condition, such as spina bifida
Overactive bladder in adults
Neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in children ages 3 years and older
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Bae, J. H., et al. (2007). The effects of long-term administration of oral desmopressin on the baseline secretion of antidiuretic hormone and serum sodium concentration for the treatment of nocturia: A circadian study. The Journal of Urology.
Chavin, S. I. (1984). Factor VIII: Structure and function in blood clotting. American Journal of Hematology.
Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. (2022). DDAVP- desmopressin acetate injection [package insert]. DailyMed.
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Heritage Pharmaceuticals Inc. d/b/a Avet Pharmaceuticals Inc. (2022). Desmopressin acetate tablet [package insert]. DailyMed.
Lose, G., et al. (2004). Clinical experiences with desmopressin for long-term treatment of nocturia. The Journal of Urology.
Rittig, S., et al. (1998). Effect of food intake on the pharmacokinetics and antidiuretic activity of oral desmopressin (DDAVP) in hydrated normal subjects. Clinical Endocrinology.
Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc. (2022). Desmopressin acetate- desmopressin acetate injection, solution [package insert]. DailyMed.
You and Your Hormones. (2021). Anti-diuretic hormone.
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