Key takeaways
Truvada (emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) and Sustiva (efavirenz) are both used to treat HIV, but they have some key differences. Truvada is a combination of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and is also used for HIV prevention (PrEP). Sustiva, on the other hand, is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and is not used for PrEP. Truvada is taken once daily with or without food, while Sustiva is taken once daily at bedtime on an empty stomach to reduce side effects. Sustiva can cause serious side effects like nerve issues and mood changes, and it is not recommended during pregnancy. Truvada can cause kidney and bone problems and requires regular blood tests to monitor these risks. Both medications are available in generic forms, making them more affordable options.
