Key takeaways
Acarbose and Humulin R (insulin regular) are both medications used to manage Type 2 diabetes, but they belong to different medication classes and have distinct uses. Acarbose is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that helps control blood sugar by slowing carbohydrate digestion in the gut, while Humulin R is a short-acting insulin that helps the body absorb and store sugar from the bloodstream. Acarbose is taken orally with meals, whereas Humulin R is injected under the skin before meals. Acarbose is available only as a generic, while Humulin R is available in both generic and brand forms, with Humulin R U-100 available over-the-counter. Acarbose is less likely to cause hypoglycemia when used alone, but Humulin R can increase the risk of low blood sugar, especially when combined with other diabetes medications. You should carry fast-acting sugars when taking either of these medications. Common side effects of acarbose include gas and diarrhea, while Humulin R may cause injection site reactions and weight gain. Additionally, acarbose is not recommended for people with certain gut issues, whereas Humulin R should not be used during episodes of low blood sugar.
