When you are diagnosed with breast cancer, your doctor will tell you your stage and your subtype. Stages range from I to IV, which rates how much the cancer is affecting the body. The higher the stage, the larger the tumor and/or the more likely that the cancer has spread to lymph nodes or other organs.
Then there is breast cancer receptor status. This refers to tiny receptors on the surface of the cancer cell that help fuel the cancer growth. Breast cancer can have estrogen or progesterone receptors (hormone receptor-positive breast cancer), receptors for the growth-promoting protein HER2/neu (HER2-positive breast cancer), or they may contain neither of these three receptors (triple-negative breast cancer).
Natalie Berger, MD, served as a Hematologist and Oncologist at The Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City. She is currently an Assistant Professor of Medicine at Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Director of Breast Medical Oncology at NewYork-Presbyterian Medical Group Hudson Valley.
References
American Cancer Society. (2023). Targeted therapy for breast cancer.
National Cancer Institute. (2023). Breast cancer treatment (adult)(PDQR) - patient version.
National Cancer Institute. (2022). Hormone therapy for breast cancer.
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