Prenatal vitamins are combination vitamins and minerals that are taken before, during, and sometimes after, pregnancy. They're important for a healthy pregnancy and for helping the baby grow and develop. Prenatal vitamins come in different forms, such as tablets, liquid, and chewable gummies. Some are available over the counter, while others are prescription only. Not all prenatal vitamins contain the same ingredients, so it's important that you read the labels carefully. Side effects of prenatal vitamins can include nausea or constipation and you're more likely to experience them if your product contains iron.
Prenatal vitamins are a dietary supplement. They contain multiple vitamins and supplements that help support nutritional needs in females before, during, and after pregnancy.
Source: DailyMed
Side effects that you should report to your care team as soon as possible:
Typically only taken once a day
Available in a chewable gummy and liquid, which might be helpful for people who have trouble swallowing pills
Available as lower-cost generics
Many products with different ingredients available, which can be confusing
Some brands are only available with a prescription
Might worsen morning sickness for some people
In addition to eating healthy, a prenatal vitamin can help supply all of the nutrition you need to support you and your baby during pregnancy. But everyone has different nutritional needs, so talk with your provider about the best supplement choice for you.
Tell your provider or pharmacist about all the medications and dietary supplements you're taking before starting prenatal vitamins to make sure there are no interactions.
Don't take other vitamins or supplements while you're taking a prenatal vitamin without checking with your provider first. Many of the ingredients found in prenatal vitamins are also in other prescription and over-the-counter products. Taking too much of certain ingredients (e.g., vitamin A) can lead to side effects and harm to your baby.
Most prenatal vitamins can be taken with or without food. Make sure to read the directions on the package.
Ask your provider if you need to continue taking prenatal vitamins after you give birth. You might not need to continue this supplement, especially if you're already getting enough nutrients through foods.
Store prenatal vitamins at room temperature and away from children. If your child accidentally took prenatal vitamins, get medical help or call the Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 right away.
Some prenatal vitamins are available over-the-counter, while others are only available with a prescription from your provider. Your provider might recommend a specific product for you, depending on your unique nutritional needs.
Prenatal vitamins can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Some prenatal vitamins contain iron, which is also in many over-the-counter products. Taking too much iron can lead to serious side effects, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain. Tell your provider or pharmacist all the medications and supplements you're taking so they can make sure you aren't taking too much iron.
Also, keep this medication out of reach of children. Accidental overdose of iron-containing products is a leading cause of death from poisoning in children. If you think a child accidentally took a prenatal vitamins product that contains iron, get medical help or call a Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 right away.
Prenatal vitamins contain folic acid. Taking folic acid can sometimes hide signs of a condition called pernicious anemia, which is a type of anemia due to low vitamin B12 levels. If you have a history of low vitamin B12 levels, let your healthcare provider know.
Dosage | Quantity | Price as low as | Price per unit |
---|---|---|---|
100 tablets of 1200mcg/120mg/10mcg | 1 bottle | $26.66 | $26.66 |
Different brands of prenatal vitamins can have different vitamins, minerals, and other ingredients. They might also have different directions. Prenatal vitamins most commonly come as tablets or softgels, but are also available as gummies and a liquid. Please read the manufacturer's label of your product for directions that are specific to the brand you're taking.
Examples
Westab Plus: The typical dose is to take one tablet by mouth daily with a meal or as directed by your provider.
Concept OB (ages 12 years and older): The typical dose is to take one tablet by mouth daily between meals or as directed by your provider.
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American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2018). Prepregnancy counseling.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2023). Nutrition during pregnancy.
Chavarro, J. E., et al. (2008). Use of multivitamins, intake of B vitamins, and risk of ovulatory infertility. Fertility and Sterility.
Institute of Medicine (US) Subcommittee on Interpretation and Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes; Institute of Medicine (US) Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes. (2000). Summary tables: Dietary reference intakes. DRI Dietary Reference Intakes: Applications in Dietary Assessment.
Johnson, M. A. (2007). If high folic acid aggravates vitamin B12 deficiency what should be done about it? Nutrition Reviews.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2022). Vitamin B12–Deficiency anemia.
U.S. Pharmaceutical Corporation. (2022). Concept OB- vitamin mineral supplement capsule [package insert]. DailyMed.
Westminster Pharmaceuticals, LLC. (2023). Westab Plus- vitamin a acetate, beta carotene, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol, .alpha.-tocopherol acetate, dl-, thiamine mononitrate, riboflavin, niacinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, cyanocobalamin, calcium carbonate, ferrous fumarate, zinc oxide, and cupric oxide tablet [package insert]. DailyMed.
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