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Here’s Why Drugs Are So Expensive Even With Medicare Coverage, In One Chart

Thomas Goetz, MPH, MA
Published on May 31, 2018
This article is no longer being updated and some information may not be current. Visit the GoodRx Health homepage for our latest articles.

It seems counterintuitive: People who have insurance coverage through Medicare are finding that they still pay a lot for their medications. It turns out that’s no illusion — people really are bearing an increasing portion of the cost every year.

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A new analysis by Avalere Health shows that, since 2011, Medicare insurance plans are increasingly shifting drugs into higher-tier, more expensive formulary lists, putting more of the burden of drug costs on patients.

Figure 1: Percent Distribution of Generic Drugs on Part D Formulary Tiers, 2011 to 2015
Source: Avalere Health. (2018). Generic Drugs in Medicare Part D – Trends in Tier Structure and Placement

The analysis shows, in plain terms, how dramatically insurance coverage for medications has changed in just the past few years. While Tier 1 drugs typically have a small copay (or even no copay), copays get much more hefty for drugs in Tiers 2 or higher. This means that often the copayment is more than the retail cost of the drug, especially when discounts (such as those at GoodRx) are factored in.

Indeed, with more people on high-deductible plans, it’s increasingly evident that using insurance — even Medicare — may not provide the cheapest prices for a prescription. A recent research letter published in JAMA found that, for nearly 1 in 4 prescriptions, the copayment fee was more expensive than the actual cost of the medication.

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This data is yet one more reminder that paying for medications is getting a lot more expensive, making the discounts available at GoodRx more relevant to more people, including people with Medicare.

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Thomas Goetz, MPH, MA
Thomas Goetz is chief of research and communications at GoodRx, and an expert in applying data and design to help people make better healthcare decisions. Thomas co-founded Iodine.com, which joined the GoodRx family in 2016.
Tori Marsh, MPH
Edited by:
Tori Marsh, MPH
Tori Marsh is GoodRx’s resident expert on prescription drug pricing, prescribing trends, and drug savings. She oversees the GoodRx drug database, ensuring that all drug information is accurate and up to date.

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