One of the ways that researchers make clinical trials for cancer treatments safer is by breaking the trial into four stages. In this video, learn what happens in each of the four clinical trial stages, according to June Y. Hou, MD, Gynecologic Oncologist at Columbia University’s Irving Medical Center.
June Y. Hou, MD, is an Associate Professor of Obstetrics & Gynecology at the Columbia University Irving Medical Center.
References
ClinicalTrials.gov. (2024). Learn about studies. National Library of Medicine.
MD Anderson Cancer Center. (n.d.). Phases of clinical trials.
National Cancer Institute. (2024). How do clinical trials work?
National Cancer Institute. (2025). Clinical trial facts.
World Health Organization. (n.d.). Clinical trials.
Why trust our experts?
Written by:
Lauren Smith, MALauren Smith, MA, has worked in health journalism since 2017. Before joining GoodRx, she was the senior health editor and writer for HealthiNation.
Reviewed by:
Patricia Pinto-Garcia, MD, MPHPatricia Pinto-Garcia, MD, MPH, is a medical editor at GoodRx. She is a licensed, board-certified pediatrician with more than a decade of experience in academic medicine.
