Donepezil (Aricept) is a once-daily, oral medication used for dementia related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). It's available as a generic and can be used for all stages of Alzheimer's (e.g., mild, moderate, severe).
Dementia related to Alzheimer's disease (AD)
Donepezil (Aricept) is a cholinesterase inhibitor. Researchers don't know exactly how it helps treat Alzheimer's disease, but the medication prevents the breakdown of a chemical called acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is important in transmitting signals through nerves in the brain for learning and memory.
Source: DailyMed
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
loss of appetite
muscle cramps
trouble in sleeping
unusual tiredness or weakness
vomiting
Less common
Abnormal dreams
dizziness
drowsiness
fainting
headache
joint pain, stiffness, or swelling
mental depression
unusual bleeding or bruising
Rare
Black, tarry stools
bloody or cloudy urine
blurred vision
burning, prickling, or tingling sensations
cataract
chills
clumsiness or unsteadiness
confusion
decreased urination
difficult or painful urination
dryness of mouth
flushing of skin
frequent urge to urinate
high or low blood pressure
increase in sexual desire or performance
increased heart rate and breathing
increased sweating
increased urge to urinate during the night
irregular heartbeat
loss of bladder control
loss of bowel control
mood or mental changes, including abnormal crying, aggression, agitation, delusions, irritability, nervousness, or restlessness
pain in chest, upper stomach, or throat
problems with speech
severe thirst
shortness of breath
sunken eyes
tightness in chest
troubled breathing
wrinkled skin
Incidence not known
Back, leg, or stomach pains
bleeding gums
chest pain or discomfort
coma
convulsions
dark urine
difficulty breathing
fast or irregular heartbeat
general body swelling
general tiredness and weakness
high fever
increased thirst
indigestion
light-colored stools
muscle pain or cramps
nosebleeds
pains in stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back
pale skin
rash
seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there
seizures
severe muscle stiffness
severe nausea
slow or irregular heartbeat
stomach pain
sweating
swelling of face, ankles, or hands
tiredness
unusually pale skin
upper right abdominal or stomach pain
yellow eyes and skin
Symptoms of overdose
Convulsions (seizures)
increased sweating
increased watering of mouth
increasing muscle weakness
severe nausea
severe vomiting
slow heartbeat
troubled breathing
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
First-choice treatment option for Alzheimer's
Can be taken once a day with or without food
Also comes as a dissolvable pill for people who have a hard time swallowing tablets
Available as a lower-cost generic
Not a cure for Alzheimer's
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are common side effects, especially with higher doses
Might not be a good option for people with certain heart conditions or a history of stomach ulcers
Interacts with anticholinergic medications (e.g., oxybutynin (Ditropan), scopolamine (Transderm Scop))
Take donepezil (Aricept) in the evening around bedtime. Taking the medication right before bedtime allows you to sleep through a lot of the side effects.
You can take donepezil (Aricept) with or without food.
If you're taking the orally disintegrating tablet (ODT), don't swallow it whole. Place the tablet on your tongue, and let the tablet dissolve. Drink a glass of water after the tablet dissolves to make sure you receive all of the medication.
Since Donepezil (Aricept) can raise your risk of stomach bleeds and ulcers, avoid taking anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin). NSAIDs can raise your risk of stomach ulcers and bleeds even further.
If you miss a dose of donepezil (Aricept), skip your missed dose. Wait to take the next dose at your regular scheduled time the next night. Don't take 2 doses at the same time, since this can raise your risk of side effects.
Donepezil (Aricept) can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Donepezil (Aricept) can slow down your heartbeat. In some cases, this can lead to fainting. Taking the medication before bedtime can help avoid this. Let your provider know if you have any falls or start to feel lightheaded. They might need to lower your dose.
Risk factors: Taking higher doses of donepezil (Aricept) | People weighing less than 55 kg (121 lbs)
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are common side effects of donepezil (Aricept). These side effects are more common when you first start the medication and whenever you raise your dose. They typically go away after a couple weeks of taking the same dose. Let your provider know if you have really bothersome nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, especially if it keeps you from taking your medication every day.
Risk factors: Taking NSAIDs | History of stomach ulcers or bleeds | Taking the maximum dose of donepezil (Aricept)
Donepezil (Aricept) can raise the amount of stomach acid your body produces, which can put you at risk for stomach ulcers and bleeds. The risk is higher in people taking the maximum dose of donepezil (Aricept) (23 mg). NSAIDs, which are commonly found in over-the-counter cold and pain medications, can also raise your risk of stomach bleeds, so you might want to avoid taking these medications at the same time as donepezil (Aricept). Talk to your provider if you have worsening upset stomach, heartburn, or indigestion.
Risk factors: Taking higher doses of donepezil (Aricept)
Donepezil (Aricept) can cause weight loss. In clinical trials, about 5% of people taking the 23 mg dose and 3% of people taking the 10 mg dose reported weight loss. More people taking the 23 mg dose reported losing 7% or more of their body weight compared to those taking the 10 mg dose. Let your provider know if this is a concern for you.
The usual starting dose is 5 mg by mouth once in the evening before bedtime. If needed, the dose can be raised up to a maximum daily dose of 10 mg (for mild-to-moderate impairment) or 23 mg (for moderate-to-severe impairment).
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is not recommended. Your doctor may decide not to treat you with this medication or change some of the other medicines you take.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Dementia related to Alzheimer's disease (AD)
Dementia related to Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease
Moderate-to-severe dementia related to Alzheimer's disease (AD)
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