Key takeaways:
Previcox (firocoxib) is a medication used to manage acute and chronic pain in dogs.
Previcox is well tolerated by most dogs, with few negative side effects.
Dogs who take Previcox long term to manage joint pain from arthritis need to have their internal organ function checked yearly.
Save on related medications
Many dogs experience chronic pain from arthritis, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are considered a cornerstone of treatment for this condition. One NSAID that is used to manage pain in dogs is Previcox (firocoxib).
Find out more about Previcox for dogs, below.
Previcox for dogs at a glance
Common names | Firocoxib (Previcox, Firox) |
What it treats | Acute and chronic pain, arthritis |
How it comes (forms) | Chewable tablets, compounded oral liquid |
Dosage | Based on a dog’s body weight |
Common side effects | Loss of appetite, soft stool, mild vomiting |
Average cost |
What is Previcox, and how does it work?
Previcox, a brand-name version of firocoxib, is an NSAID that’s used to treat pain in dogs. NSAIDs reduce pain by preventing the release of inflammatory chemical messengers called prostaglandins.
Prostaglandins are released from injured body tissues and cause tissue swelling. They amplify pain signals coming from the nerves that surround the injury. Previcox blocks prostaglandins, thereby reducing swelling and pain.
Previcox is considered a selective NSAID, because it only blocks the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway. This means it has fewer side effects than traditional NSAIDs.
What is Previcox used for in dogs?
Previcox is FDA approved to control pain in dogs from acute injuries and surgery. It is also FDA approved to manage chronic pain from arthritis.
Previcox may also be effective at treating certain cancers of the bladder. And it’s sometimes prescribed to reduce fever and inflammation. These uses of firocoxib are considered “off-label” or “extra label,” because they have not been approved by the FDA.
How is Previcox given to dogs, and what is the recommended dosage?
Previcox is generally given to dogs once daily by mouth at the lowest effective dose. It comes as chewable tablets in 57 mg and 227 mg doses. Previcox may also be compounded into a liquid form. Measure liquid forms of the medication carefully.
The standard dosage of firocoxib for dogs is 2.27 mg per pound of body weight once a day. But dosages can vary. Your veterinarian will prescribe the appropriate dosage for your dog. Previcox cannot be prescribed to dogs who weigh less than 12.5 lbs.
Signs of pain: Can you recognize signs that could mean your dog is in pain? Check out this list to test your knowledge.
Pain-relief options for dogs: Previcox (firocoxib) is only one pain treatment for dogs. Here are some other medications your veterinarian may consider for your pup.
Skip the ibuprofen: Never give your dog ibuprofen. This and most over-the-counter human pain medications are toxic to dogs.
Previcox can be given with or without food. If your dog has vomiting or nausea when they take Previcox on an empty stomach, try giving them the medication with food or a small treat.
Previcox works quickly, and you should see signs of improvement within 1 to 2 hours. Dogs that take Previcox on a daily, long-term basis need to have blood work done every 6 to 12 months.
What should you do if your dog misses a dose of Previcox?
If you forget to give your dog their dose of Previcox, give them the medication as soon as you remember. Then, resume their regular medication schedule. But never give them two doses less than 12 hours apart.
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What are the common side effects of Previcox in dogs?
Previcox is well tolerated by most dogs. The most common side effects are related to the gastrointestinal tract. These can include:
If you notice these side effects in your dog, contact your veterinarian for advice.
What are the most serious risks of Previcox for dogs?
More serious side effects of Previcox in dogs include:
Ongoing decreased appetite
Severe vomiting or bloody vomit
Bloody diarrhea or tarry, black stool
Ongoing changes in energy levels
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes)
Changes in drinking or urination habits
Itchiness
Rapid heart rate
If you notice your dog has any of these side effects, contact your veterinarian.
Firocoxib should not be given to dogs who:
Have preexisting liver disease, kidney disease, or digestive issues
Have a history of stomach ulcers
Have bleeding disorders
Are dehydrated
Are younger than 7 months old
Previcox should also be used with caution in dogs with preexisting heart conditions.
Does Previcox interact with any other dog medications?
Previcox can interact with other dog medications. Be cautious about giving your dog firocoxib if they also take:
Heart medications, including angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, digoxin, or diuretics like furosemide
Corticosteroids like prednisone
Azole antifungals, such as fluconazole
Phenytoin
Valproic acid
Anticoagulants
Methotrexate
Aminoglycoside antibiotics
Tell your veterinarian about any other medications that your pet takes. This includes vitamins, supplements, and over-the-counter remedies.
Frequently asked questions
Yes, dogs can take Previcox and gabapentin together. In fact, for dogs with chronic pain, combining gabapentin with an NSAID like Previcox may be more effective than giving them either medication alone. Ask your veterinarian what’s best for your dog.
Previcox will stay in a dog’s system for at least 30 hours, based on the medication’s half-life.
Previcox generally does not make dogs sleepy.
Yes, dogs can take Previcox and gabapentin together. In fact, for dogs with chronic pain, combining gabapentin with an NSAID like Previcox may be more effective than giving them either medication alone. Ask your veterinarian what’s best for your dog.
Previcox will stay in a dog’s system for at least 30 hours, based on the medication’s half-life.
Previcox generally does not make dogs sleepy.
The bottom line
Previcox (firocoxib) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to reduce acute and chronic pain and inflammation in dogs. It is generally safe for dogs and well tolerated with few side effects. Though, some dogs may develop side effects like nausea or soft stool while taking Previcox.
Previcox should always be given to dogs under the guidance and supervision of a licensed veterinarian.
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References
American College of Veterinary Pharmacists. (n.d.). Firocoxib.
Boehringer Ingelheim. (2023). Previcox (firocoxib) chewable tablets [package insert].
Cohen, A. (n.d.). Osteoarthritis. Cornell University Richard P. Riney Canine Health Center
DVMetrics & Services. (2020). Firocoxib - Client drug information sheets. Veterinary Information Network.
Edwards, S. H. (2024). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in animals. Merck Veterinary Manual.
Knapp, D. W., et al. (2012). Randomized trial of cisplatin versus firocoxib versus cisplatin/firocoxib in dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
Otero, P. E. (2013). The latest in pain management. World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress Proceedings.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2022). Get the facts about pain relievers for pets: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
