Key takeaways
Abacavir (Ziagen) and Descovy (emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide) are both antiretroviral medications used to treat HIV as part of a combination regimen. They belong to the same class of medications called nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which work by preventing the virus from making copies of itself. However, they have some key differences. Abacavir is available as a single medication and requires a genetic test before use due to the risk of a severe allergic reaction. It is typically taken once or twice daily and is available in both tablet and oral solution forms. Descovy, on the other hand, is a combination medication that includes two active ingredients and is taken once daily. It is also used for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), except for receptive vaginal sex. While abacavir has fewer drug interactions, Abacavir requires a genetic test before starting due to the risk of a severe allergic reaction. Descovy requires regular kidney monitoring and has more potential interactions with other medications. Common side effects of abacavir include headache and nausea, while Descovy may cause diarrhea and nausea. Both medications can cause serious side effects, such as liver problems and lactic acidosis, but Descovy is noted for being safer for the kidneys and bones compared to similar medications.
