Head-to-head comparisons of medication uses, side effects, warnings, and more.
Key takeaways
Ethosuximide (Zarontin) and valproic acid (Depakene) are both antiepileptic medications, but they have some key differences. Ethosuximide is specifically used to treat absence (petit mal) seizures and is available in both pill and liquid forms. Valproic acid, on the other hand, treats a broader range of seizures, including focal impaired awareness seizures and absence seizures, and is also available in capsules and liquid solution. Ethosuximide is generally considered a first-choice treatment for absence seizures, while valproic acid can be used alone or with other medications for various seizure types. Valproic acid can severe side effects such as serious liver problems and birth defects, and requires regular blood work to monitor liver health. Ethosuximide can also cause serious liver problems as well as kidney problems. Both medications can cause drowsiness and require careful dose adjustments, but valproic acid interacts with more medications. Neither medication should be stopped suddenly without consulting your provider, as this can lead to withdrawal seizures.
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
Valproic acid
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
Valproic acid
Summary of Zarontin vs. Depakene
Summary for Antiepileptic
Prescription only
Ethosuximide (Zarontin) is an antiepileptic medication that's used for treating absence seizures, also known as petit mal seizures. It works by calming down brain activity to lower the number of seizure attacks. This medication is FDA approved for people 3 years and older. It comes as a capsule and syrup under the brand name Zarontin and in lower-cost generic versions. Ethosuximide (Zarontin) is taken by mouth once a day or in smaller doses throughout the day. Some possible side effects include stomach upset, nausea, and dizziness.
Summary for Antiepileptic
Prescription only
Valproic acid is an antiepileptic medication used to treat certain types of seizures in children and adults. It lessens seizures by balancing chemicals in the brain. Valproic acid is taken by mouth and is available as capsules and oral solution. Your provider will help determine the dose based on your body weight, symptoms and side effects, and blood work. Some common side effects of valproic acid include tremors, nausea, and headache. Though rare, this medication might also cause serious liver problems. Valproic acid can't be taken during pregnancy because it can cause serious birth defects.
•Difficulty with walking, movement, or coordination
•Difficulty concentrating
•Weight loss
Common Side Effects for
•Tremor (25-57%)
•Nausea (34-48%)
•Headache (up to 31%)
•Excess sleepiness (27-30%)
•Vomiting (23-27%)
•Feeling weak (21-27%)
•Dizziness (18-25%)
•Hair loss (up to 24%)
•Diarrhea (13-23%)
•Stomach pain (12-23%)
Please note: These side effects were reported by people who took divalproex (Depakote) to treat seizures in clinical studies. Divalproex (Depakote) turns into valproic acid once it's absorbed into the gut.
Warnings of Zarontin vs. Depakene
Common Side Effects for
•Low blood cell counts
•Liver and kidney damage
•Lupus
•Suicidal thoughts or behavior
•Severe allergic reactions
•Risk for seizures if you stop taking ethosuximide (Zarontin) suddenly