Head-to-head comparisons of medication uses, side effects, warnings, and more.
Key takeaways
Levemir (insulin detemir) and Actos (pioglitazone) are both used to manage diabetes, but they work in different ways and are used for different types of diabetes. Levemir is a long-acting insulin injected under the skin, typically once or twice daily, and is used for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. It helps lower blood sugar levels for up to 24 hours. Actos, on the other hand, is an oral medication taken once daily and is only used for type 2 diabetes. It improves your body's ability to use insulin. Levemir can cause low blood sugar and needs to be injected, while Actos rarely causes dangerously low blood sugar but may take several weeks to show its full effect. Actos can also cause weight gain and fluid build-up, which can lead to heart failure, and it has a risk of bladder cancer. Levemir Flexpens has been discontinued as of April 2024 and vials will be discontinued by December 2024 whereas Actos has generics available.
Levemir (insulin detemir)
Pioglitazone (Actos)
Levemir (insulin detemir)
Pioglitazone (Actos)
Summary of Levemir vs. Actos
Summary for Insulin
Prescription only
Levemir (insulin detemir) is a long-acting insulin that helps control high blood sugar levels in children and adults. It's injected under the skin, typically once or twice daily. Like all insulins, Levemir (insulin detemir) can raise your risk for low blood sugar, so make sure to keep fast-acting sugars with you in case your blood sugar level drops too low. This medication comes in vials. But it's also available as a Flexpen for people who have trouble drawing up insulin from the vial.
Summary for Thiazolidinedione
Prescription only
Pioglitazone (Actos) is an oral medication used to treat Type 2 diabetes in adults, along with diet and exercise. It's a thiazolidinedione, which works by helping your body respond better to insulin. This medication is taken by mouth once a day and is available in both brand and generic forms. Side effects include headache, swelling in the body, and weight gain. There's also a serious warning that it can cause or worsen heart failure.
•Rarely causes dangerously low blood sugar when taken by itself
•Can be taken with or without food
Cons
•Can cause fluid buildup in the body
•Not safe for people with moderate to severe heart failure
•Not a good choice for people with bladder cancer
Common Side Effects of Levemir vs. Actos
Common Side Effects for
•Shakiness, hunger, and other symptoms of low blood sugar (up to 93%, depending on what other blood sugar medications you're taking)
•Common cold involving the nose, throat, and lungs (up to 27%)
•Headache (up to 23%)
•Pain or irritation of the throat (10%)
•Back pain (8%)
•Fever, chills, and other flu-like symptoms (up to 8%)
•Stomach pain (6%)
Please note: These side effects were reported by people who took Levemir (insulin detemir) for type 1 diabetes. Your risk for side effects might be different if you have type 2 diabetes.
Common Side Effects for
•Swelling (27%)
•Upper respiratory tract infection (13%)
•Headache (9%)
•Heart failure (8%)
•Sinus infection (6%)
•Pain in the arms and legs (6%)
Side effects above are for pioglitazone (Actos) taken alone. These might differ if it's taken with other medications.
Warnings of Levemir vs. Actos
Common Side Effects for
•Infections
•Low blood sugar
•Severe allergic reactions
•Low blood potassium levels
•Swelling from fluids and risk of heart failure
Common Side Effects for
•Heart failure and swelling
•Low blood sugar (when used with other medications)