Key takeaways
Meperidine (Demerol) and butorphanol are both opioid medications used to relieve pain, but they have some key differences. Meperidine is a Schedule II controlled substance, meaning it has a higher potential for misuse and dependence compared to butorphanol, which is a Schedule IV controlled substance. Meperidine is available in tablet, oral liquid, and injectable forms, while butorphanol is available as a nasal spray and injection. Butorphanol acts as both an opioid agonist and antagonist, which means it activates some opioid receptors and blocks others to help lower pain. Both medications are intended for short-term use. Long term use can result in physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms and for those taking meperidine there is a higher risk of seizures. Both medications can cause serious side effects like slowed breathing and low blood pressure, and they should not be mixed with alcohol or other medications that cause drowsiness.
