Thalidomides are used to treat multiple myeloma, certain types of myelodysplastic syndromes, and complications of leprosy. They also have other uses, such as treating other types of cancer. Thalidomides work by modulating the immune system and inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. These medications are available as oral pills. Examples include lenalidomide (Revlimid), pomalidomide (Pomalyst), and thalidomide (Thalomid).