Glucagon (Glucagen) is an injectable medication that's used in an emergency to raise blood sugar in people with diabetes who are experiencing dangerously low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). You typically inject it either under the skin or into the muscle. Make sure you and your loved ones know how to give the medication correctly so everyone's prepared in case of an emergency.
Severely low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in adults and children
Before certain diagnostic imaging procedures (e.g., MRI, CT scan) in adults
Diabetes: Glucagon (Glucagen) contains glucagon, which is a natural hormone your body releases to raise blood sugar. When your blood sugar is too low, glucagon tells your body to release sugar stored in your liver into your bloodstream. When this happens, your blood sugar level goes up.
Imaging procedures (e.g. MRI or CT scan): Glucagon (Glucagen) works to relax the muscles in your stomach and intestines to slow down the movement in the gut. This allows the provider to take clearer pictures to help in diagnosis.
Source: DailyMed
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Rare
blurred vision
chills
cold sweats
coma
confusion
cool, pale skin
dizziness
fast heartbeat
flushed, dry skin
fruit-like breath odor
headache
increased hunger
increased thirst
increased urination
nervousness
nightmares
seizures
shakiness
slurred speech
sweating
trouble breathing
unexplained weight loss
unusual tiredness or weakness
vomiting
Incidence not known
difficulty with swallowing
dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position
fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse
lack or loss of strength
paleness of the skin
pounding in the ears
puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue
sleepiness or unusual drowsiness
slow or fast heartbeat
tightness in the chest
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Works well and quickly (within minutes) to raise blood sugar
Can you be used by both adults and children weighing 44 lbs and more
Can be given by another person if you aren't able to do so yourself
Kept at room temperature, so you can carry it around with you
Causes nausea in a lot of people
Needs to be given as an injection
Might be difficult for some people to prepare since it involves mixing
Might not work well if you haven't had anything to eat for a while (see Risks and Warnings)
Teach yourself and your family members how to recognize and treat the symptoms of low blood sugar, including shakiness, anxiety, and hunger. Keep glucagon (Glucagen) with you at all times so you can take it if your blood sugar level drops too low.
You should receive training from your provider or pharmacist on how to use glucagon (Glucagen). Read the Instructions for Use and contact your provider or pharmacist if you have any questions.
Call 911 or get medical help right away after using glucagon (Glucagen), even if you start feeling better. It's best to have a medical professional keep an eye on your sugar levels for a while. You can take a second dose after 15 minutes while you're waiting for medical help.
Never share glucagon (Glucagen) with anyone else. Doing so puts you and others at risk of spreading germs and getting severe and potentially life-threatening infections.
After the injection, the person who received glucagon (Glucagen) should be turned on their side to avoid choking because when they wake up, they might vomit.
Eat something that contains sugar (like candy, juice, or non-diet soda) as soon as you are able to swallow, to prevent your blood sugar from getting too low again.
Let your provider know every time you use glucagon (Glucagen) because this might mean that you need to adjust your diabetes medications.
Store glucagon (Glucagen) at room temperature in the original container it comes in to protect it from light.
Each glucagon (Glucagen) kit provides a single dose of medication. So you must throw away any leftover medication after each use, even if there's still some remaining in the vial. This is because the vial doesn't contain any preservatives to keep germs and bacteria out of the medication once you open it.
After injecting glucagon (Glucagen), throw away the syringe and needle in a sharps container to lower the risk of needle-stick injuries. Don't throw them away in your trash can. For more information on how to throw away your sharps container safely and guidance for your specific state, visit the FDA's website.
Glucagon (Glucagen) can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Risk factors: Pheochromocytoma (tumor above the adrenal glands)
Don't use glucagon (Glucagen) if you have a rare tumor called pheochromocytoma. This is because glucagon (Glucagen) can trigger the release of certain hormones that can cause your blood pressure to become dangerously high. If you have this condition, ask your provider about safer ways to treat dangerously low blood sugar.
Risk factors: Insulinoma (tumor in the pancreas)
Avoid glucagon (Glucagen) if you have a type of tumor called insulinoma. Using glucagon (Glucagen) can trigger the tumor to release more insulin, which can put you at high risk for dangerously low blood sugar. If you have this tumor, your provider might suggest other ways to manage low blood sugar.
Severe allergic reactions to glucagon (Glucagen) are possible, including life-threatening reactions like facial swelling, shock, and anaphylaxis (closing of the throat). If you notice hives, rash, red skin, swelling of the lips or tongue, or difficulty breathing after using glucagon (Glucagen), get medical attention right away.
Risk factors: Starvation | Problems with adrenal glands | Low blood sugar for long periods of time
Glucagon (Glucagen) only works if you've been eating a healthy diet and your liver has already stored up enough sugar. It won't work well if you have constantly low blood sugar because of a poor diet, or if you have issues with your adrenal glands. Talk to your provider about how to treat low blood sugar if you have these conditions.
Risk factors: Diabetes | Heart conditions
Because of the way glucagon (Glucagen) works, people with diabetes might experience high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) if this medication is used for imaging procedures. Also people with heart conditions might experience high blood pressure or a fast heart rate if this medication is used for imaging procedures. Your provider will monitor you for changes during the procedure and provide the appropriate treatment.
Diabetes: Glucagon (Glucagen) is typically given as an injection either under the skin or into the muscle into the buttocks, upper arm, or thigh.
Adults and children weighing 20 kg (44 lbs) or more: The typical dose is 1 mg (1 mL) as needed for very low blood sugar. If your blood sugar is still low after 15 minutes, another 1 mg dose can be given while waiting for emergency medical help.
Children weighing less than 20 kg (44 lbs): The typical dose is 0.5 mg (0.5 mL) as needed for very low blood sugar. If your child's blood sugar is still low after 15 minutes, another 0.5 mg dose can be given while waiting for emergency medical help.
Imaging procedures: Glucagon (Glucagen) is typically given as an injection either in the vein (intravenously, IV) or into the muscle by your healthcare provider. The dose depends on the specific imaging procedure.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Use in people with pheochromocytoma
Use in people with an insulinoma (tumor that makes too much insulin)
Use as a diagnostic aid in people with a glucagonoma (tumor that makes too much glucagon)
Severely low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in adults and children
Before certain diagnostic imaging procedures (e.g., MRI, CT scan) in adults
Severely low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in adults and children age 4 years and older with diabetes
Severely low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in adults and children age 2 years and older
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