Albuterol nebulized solution is a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA). It treats sudden episodes of difficulty breathing in adults and children with breathing problems like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Albuterol nebulized solution is placed into a nebulizer, which is a machine that turns the solution into a mist that you can breathe in. Typically, the medication is used every 6 hours as needed to help with breathing. Side effects include shakiness, shortness of breath, and dizziness.
Albuterol nebulized solution is a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA). It works by relaxing the muscles in your lungs to open up your airways. This makes it easier to breathe.
Source: DailyMed
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
Fast, irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse
shakiness in the legs, arms, hands, or feet
trembling or shaking of the hands or feet
Less common
Bladder pain
bloody or cloudy urine
chest discomfort or pain
chills
cough producing mucus
difficult or labored breathing
difficulty with swallowing
dizziness
feeling of warmth
frequent urge to urinate
hoarseness
loss of appetite
lower back or side pain
puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue
redness of the face, neck, arms, and occasionally, upper chest
stomach pain
swollen, painful, or tender lymph glands in the neck, armpit, or groin
tightness in the chest
unusual tiredness or weakness
Rare
Hives or welts
large, hive-like swelling on the face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or genitals
noisy breathing
swelling of the mouth or throat
Incidence not known
Agitation
arm, back, or jaw pain
chest tightness or heaviness
confusion
decreased urine
dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position
drowsiness
extra heartbeat
fainting
flushed, dry skin
fruit-like breath odor
headache
increased hunger
increased thirst
increased urination
irritability
lightheadedness
muscle pain or cramps
nervousness
nightmares
numbness or tingling in the hands, feet, or lips
pounding in the ears
rapid, deep breathing
restlessness
seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there
seizures
slow or fast heartbeat
stomach cramps
sweating
unexplained weight loss
unusual feeling of excitement
vomiting
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:
Less common
Difficult, burning, or painful urination
headache, severe and throbbing
muscle or bone pain
redness or swelling in the ear
redness, swelling, or soreness of the tongue
swelling
tenderness
trouble in holding or releasing urine
trouble sleeping
Rare
Sleepiness or unusual drowsiness
Incidence not known
Bad, unusual, or unpleasant (after) taste
change in taste
feeling of constant movement of self or surroundings
gagging
rough, scratchy sound to voice
sensation of spinning
tightness in the throat
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Works well for relieving wheezing or shortness of breath
Can use for children as young as 2 years old (for the 0.63 mg/3 mL and 1.25 mg/3 mL strengths)
Generally safe to use while pregnant and breastfeeding
Takes about 5 to 15 minutes to take the whole dose
Need to use with a nebulizer machine (portable, but needs to be plugged in to a power source); might not be ideal for someone who's on the go
Shouldn't be used often to manage breathing problems
Albuterol nebulized solution is available in different dosage strengths: 0.63 mg/3 mL, 1.25 mg/3 mL, 2.5 mg/3 mL, and 2.5 mg/0.5 mL. Make sure you know which strength you have and what your dose is. Ask your pulmonologist or pharmacist if you're not sure.
Call your pulmonologist if your breathing gets worse or if it doesn't improve after you use albuterol nebulized solution. Also contact your pulmonologist if you're using the medication more often than usual. These could be signs that you need a change in your treatment plan to better manage your breathing problem.
Don't start any new medications while you're taking albuterol nebulized solution without asking your pulmonologist or pharmacist first. Your care team can help check that all your medications are safe to take together. Albuterol can interact with other medications, like beta blockers and certain water pills (diuretics). These interactions can either make your medications work less well or raise your risk for harmful side effects.
Tips on how to use albuterol nebulized solution:
Carefully read the instructions on how to use albuterol nebulized solution with a nebulizer machine. Ask your pulmonologist or pharmacist if you have any questions about using the medication.
Keep the vials of albuterol nebulized solution in the original foil pouch and store at room temperature. After opening the pouch, keep any unused vials in the foil pouch to protect them from light.
Before you use a vial of albuterol nebulized solution, check the solution to make sure it's clear, colorless to light yellow. If it's discolored, throw the vial away and use a new one to be sure it's safe for you to use.
Sit upright in a comfortable position during your breathing treatment. Breathe as calmly, deeply, and evenly as possible through your mouth using the mouthpiece or face mask until there's no more mist coming out of the nebulizer.
Clean your nebulizer after each time you use it. This helps prevent lung infections that can happen if you use a nebulizer machine that isn't cleaned well.
Albuterol nebulized solution can cause some serious health issues. This risk may be even higher for certain groups. If this worries you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about other options.
Although rare, albuterol nebulized solution can sometimes cause a muscle spasm in your lungs. This is called bronchospasm. It can lead to difficulty breathing, wheezing, cough, and chest discomfort. Get medical help right away if you become short of breath after you use albuterol nebulized solution.
Risk factors: High blood pressure | Heart failure | Heart rate or rhythm problems | Using more albuterol nebulized solution than recommended
Albuterol nebulized solution can cause changes in your blood pressure, heart rate, and heart rhythm. But these side effects are typically unlikely to happen if you're taking the recommended dose of albuterol nebulized solution. Your pulmonologist might ask you to regularly check your blood pressure and heart rate at home if you have high blood pressure or other heart problems.
Tell your pulmonologist if you have dizziness, fatigue, tremor, rapid heartbeat, or weakness after you use albuterol nebulized solution. These can be signs of blood pressure, heart rate, or heart rhythm changes.
Don't use albuterol nebulized solution more often than recommended. Let your healthcare team know if you find that you need to use albuterol nebulized solution more often. Your care team can see whether you need any changes to your treatment plan.
Risk factors: Using albuterol nebulized solution too much
Albuterol nebulized solution can cause the potassium levels in your blood to drop too low. In most cases, this happens if you use more albuterol nebulized solution than recommended.
Drops in blood potassium levels are typically mild, and your levels should go back to usual with time. Sometimes, low potassium can cause tiredness, weakness, muscle cramps, a racing heart, and a "pins and needles" feeling in your hands and feet. Tell your pulmonologist if you have any of these symptoms while you're using albuterol nebulized solution.
In addition, let your pulmonologist know if you need to use albuterol nebulized solution more often than instructed. Your treatment plan might need to be adjusted to better control your symptoms.
Allergic reactions to albuterol nebulized solution are possible. These reactions can include facial swelling, shock, and anaphylaxis (closing of the throat), and they can be life-threatening. Get medical attention right away if you notice hives, rash, red skin, swelling of the lips or tongue, or difficulty breathing after you use albuterol nebulized solution.
In general, the typical starting dose is 1 vial inhaled through mouth by nebulization 3 to 4 times per day as needed for wheezing or shortness of breath.
Each vial contains either 0.63 mg, 1.25 mg, or 2.5 mg of albuterol, depending on the dosage strength you need. Your pulmonologist will determine your dose based on your age, weight, and the severity of your breathing problem.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines is usually not recommended, but may be required in some cases. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Using this medicine with any of the following medicines may cause an increased risk of certain side effects, but using both drugs may be the best treatment for you. If both medicines are prescribed together, your doctor may change the dose or how often you use one or both of the medicines.
Treatment or prevention of wheezing or tightening of airways in people with certain types of lung problems (e.g., asthma)
Treatment or prevention of wheezing or tightening of airways in people ages 4 years and older with certain types of lung problems (e.g., asthma)
Prevention of exercise-induced asthma in people ages 4 years and older
By signing up, I agree to GoodRx's Terms and Privacy Policy, and to receive marketing messages from GoodRx.
Alvarez, D. (2023). Albuterol: Safe use, expiration, and side effects. Poison Control: National Capital Poison Center.
American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. (n.d.). Bronchospasm defined.
American Thoracic Society. (2020). Nebulizer breathing treatments at home.
Chartwell RX, LLC. (2024). Albuterol sulfate solution [package insert]. DailyMed.
Chartwell RX, LLC. (2024). Albuterol sulfate solution [package insert]. DailyMed.
Chartwell RX, LLC. (2024). Albuterol sulfate solution [package insert]. DailyMed.
Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed). (2023). Albuterol. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Research prescriptions and over-the-counter medications from A to Z, compare drug prices, and start saving.